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2018年中考全国英语真题地区汇编——说明文类阅读理解

更新时间:2018-07-31 浏览次数:378 类型:二轮复习
一、阅读理解
  • 1. (2018·重庆) 阅读下列材料,从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案。

    B

        National Smile Month is the largest and longest mouth health activity in the UK. Starting in 1977, it is celebrating its 42nd birthday from May 14 to June 14 this year.

        The British are known for their bad teeth because they have too many sugary (甜的) foods and drinks. It seems that most of them don't often show their feeling. They neither smile nor cry. But this is NOT true. The British like to smile as much as anyone else. They just don't want to show their bad teeth.

        Brush your teeth at least twice a day, cut down sugary foods and drinks, and visit the dentist often. With the three messages, the organizers (组织者) hope that a month of smiling will make people all around the UK realize the importance of good teeth and be confident enough to open their mouths to smile.

        One interesting activity is for the British to enjoy the fun photos with short stories behind. Seeing the smiling faces and reading the interesting stories, everyone can't help smiling! You're welcome to send yours with big smiles online.

        Smiling is not only good for you but also good for those around you, even if you do have a few bad teeth. This makes National Smile Month a great idea!

    1. (1) National Smile Month in the UK has had a history of ______ years so far.
      A . 5 B . 14 C . 42 D . 77
    2. (2) According to Paragraph 2, we learn that most of the British _______.
      A . don't like sugary foods B . have very good teeth C . don't show their feelings D . like to smile in fact
    3. (3) The three message in Paragraph 3 tell the British how to take care of their _________.
      A . teeth B . food C . drinks D . hands
    4. (4) National Smile Month in the UK suggests that __________.
      A . the British should improve their health only this month B . the British should show more smiles with better teeth C . the British shouldn't smile if they have a few bad teeth D . the British shouldn't have many interesting activities
  • 2. (2018·深圳) 阅读下列短文,从下面每小题的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。

    D

        Shenzhen, Jan 1st, 2018—Shenzhen has become the world's first city to make all its public buses, about 16,359, run on electricity. A total of 12,518 taxis, or 62.5 percent of all the taxis in the city are electric ones. "We will replace(替换)the rest of the taxis with electric ones by 2020." said Mr. Chen from the government.

        "I have been a driver for twenty years," said Mr. Zhang, a driver who started to drive e-buses a month ago. "We had several rounds of training and passed strict exams before we were allowed to drive the e-buses."

        The city has built 8,000 charging poles(充电桩)and 501 bus charging stations. "A bus can be fully charged within two hours and the charging poles can serve 300 buses a day at our station. Since the replacement, the bus station has become quiet, even as the e-buses are entering and exiting the station." said Mr. Guan, the manager of Qinghu Bus Station.

        The use of e-buses and e-taxis plays an important role in improving air quality. In a year, the e-buses use 72.9 percent less energy than the traditional ones. The e-taxis save the energy of 119,000 tons of standard coal.

        Shenzhen was one of the first 13 cities to take part in the National New-energy Vehicle Program (NNVP). In 2017, the city spent 3.3 billion yuan on e-buses and the charging equipment. The city also encourages people to bus new-energy cars or e-cars by reducing their payment.

    1. (1) How many e-taxis were there in Shenzhen in January 2018?
      A . 8,000. B . 12,518. C . 16,359. D . 11,900.
    2. (2) What is the influence of the replacement according to Mr. Guan?
      A . It saves 72.9 percent energy. B . It helps to improve air quality. C . The bus station has become quiet. D . People will pay more if they buy e-cars. ( )
    3. (3) What can we infer(推断)from the passage?
      A . It is not easy to be an e-driver. B . Shenzhen is the first to use e-taxis. C . 13 cities are in the NNVP besides Shenzhen. D . There are 300 charging poles at each bus station.
    4. (4) What is the main idea of the passage?
      A . E-buses and e-taxis can save more energy in Shenzhen. B . Shenzhen took part in the National New-energy Vehicle Program. C . It is fast and convenient for the e-buses to be charged in Shenzhen. D . Shenzhen is replacing its public buses and taxis with electric ones.
  • 3. (2018·深圳) 阅读下列短文,从下面每小题的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。

    E

        Artificial intelligence(人工智能), or AI in short, is the science of giving computers and machines ability to think and work like humans. AI scientists and engineers have made a lot of cool technologies.

        AI is rapidly catching up with the human ability to read faces. As a result, facial recognition(识别)is used a lot in the world. Chinese police use this technology to identify criminals(罪犯).Once they caught a criminal when he attended a concert. It also checks the ID of ride-hailing(网约车)drivers and lets people pay for things with a smile.

        AI is also used in self-driving cars, which are believed to be the future of driving. Most drivers may wave or nod at passers-by to let them cross the street, but self-driving cars don't have this ability. Carmakers are testing a light signal system to help them "speak" to humans. The system can show what self-driving cars will do. For example, if a driverless car is yielding(让路), it will flash two white lights side to side. A rapidly flashing light tells passers-by that the car is about to speed up.

        Service Robots also show you know powerful AI is. Imagine this—you come back home from school and your robot housekeeper is waiting for you at the door. After dinner, he teaches you to play the piano, just like a real music teacher. Such thoughts will soon happen in the real world. In the future, more and more service robots will become good home helpers.

        AI is so powerful that it can help human beings and even replace us in many jobs.

    1. (1) What does the underlined word "identify" mean in Paragraph 2 probably mean?
      A . To let somebody know his mistakes. B . To come to realize and tell who is who. C . To take somebody to the police station. D . To inform somebody of something important.
    2. (2) According to the passage, what is facial recognition used for?
      A . Driving cars. B . Making people smile. C . Calling the police. D . Checking people's information.
    3. (3) Which technology has been used in real life according to the passage?
      A . Service Robots at school. B . Robots as ride-hailing drivers. C . Facial recognition for payment. D . Light signals for self-driving cars.
    4. (4) What can we learn from the passage?
      A . People use AI in many different ways. B . AI will take the pace of human beings in all jobs. C . Self-driving cars will be able to talk like humans. D . A criminal was caught for inventing facial recognition.
  • 4. (2018·深圳) 阅读下列短文,从下面每小题的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。

    A

        When you go on a vacation, the hotel you choose and the room you stay in are important. There are many cool theme(主题)hotel rooms around the world. Here are some of them.

    The Harry Potter Room

        The George Castle Hotel in England gives its guests the experience of staying in Harry Potter's world.

        This 19th-century castle hotel is beside Harry Potter tour bus stop. The bus will take you to the Making Of Harry Potter studio tour.

    Ice Theme Room

        An ice theme can be found at Hotel de Glace in Canada. In winter, you can get a fireplace and a private spa in the rooms.

        The ice hotel has new rooms each year. This winter, it will build a room with the theme of Disney's movie Frozen.

    Pirate(海盗)Theme Room

        If you want a more attractive theme room, the Adventure Island Hotel in America is the best choice.

        In their pirate theme rooms, you'll feel like you're on a pirate ship in a world of sea adventures.

    Night at the Movies Room

        At the Wensley Hotel in Australia, guests are crazy about the Night at the Movies Room.

        There they can see different things of Hollywood, such as Hollywood signs over the door, and hand-painted actors' pictures above the bed.

    1. (1) What can guests do during their stay at the George Castle Hotel?
      A . Visit a movie studio. B . Have a private spa. C . Enjoy a movie night. D . Play an adventure game.
    2. (2) Who is most likely to choose the Adventure Island Hotel?
      A . Kids who love Disneyland. B . Kids who love pirate stories. C . Adults who love castle tours. D . Adults who love watching movies.
    3. (3) What is the possible choice for a super fan of Hollywood movies?
      A . The Wensley Hotel. B . Hotel de Glace. C . The George Castle Hotel. D . The Adventure Island Hotel.
    4. (4) Where is the text probably taken from?
      A . A storybook. B . A history book. C . A science book. D . A travel guide book.
  • 5. (2018·德州) 阅读短文,然后从每小题A、B、C、D中选出能回答所提问题或完成所给句子的最佳答案

        “To raise snails(蜗牛) well, you need to spray(喷) water to the container(容器) every morning and evening, change soil every two weeks, and feed them with vegetables and sweet fruits,” said Sun Youxiang after raising snails for one year. He is a fourthgrade primary school student in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province. From three white jade snails at the very beginning to more than sixty snails of four generations(代) now, he has done a great job for his science class.

        Watching the reproduction(繁殖) of animals is an uncommon experience for kids. Their creativity, patience and respect(尊重) for life will be developed as they learn to take care of animals on their own. Sun's teacher said the job served as a good example of life education. Practice is a necessary step in learning and it will benefit the kids for a life time.

        Life education allows kids to know how to live with nature and creatures(生物) in a friendly way. Starting from this year, science will become an important subject as Chinese and math in primary schools in order to improve students' knowledge about the things around us. Because of curiosity(好奇心), more kids will be willing to watch and think through practising. It will add to our knowledge of the world in the long run.

    1. (1) Which of the following is WRONG about Sun Youxiang?
      A . He is good at raising snails B . He makes a lot of money by raising snails C . Raising snails is an interesting experience for him D . He becomes creative and patient through taking care of snails
    2. (2) The underlined word “benefit” in Paragraph 2 means.
      A . hurt B . protect C . be good for D . be popular with
    3. (3) In Paragraph 3, “Life education allows kids to know how to live with nature and creatures in a friendly way” means.
      A . nature and creatures are friendly to kids B . life education can make kids more friendly C . life education tells kids how to make friends D . life education tells kids how to get on well with nature and creatures
    4. (4) What does Sun Youxiang's teacher think of his job?
      A . It takes too much time B . It wastes lots of money C . It can't help with Sun's study D . It serves as a good example of life education
    5. (5) What is the main idea of the passage?
      A . How to raise snails B . Patience, the key to success C . The importance of life education D . How to think through practising
  • 6. (2018·武威) 阅读短文,根据其内容回答文后各个小题。

    What Does a Lifelong Learner Look Like?

        Lifelong learners never think of themselves as the greatest expert in anything. They continue-to learn and bring a great deal to the groups they belong to. What does a lifelong learner look like? Here are some of their main characteristics (特征).

        ●They are knowledge seekers. They are always searching for much information on a topic they're interested in and looking for new experience or opportunities to improve their knowledge or skills.

        ●They are social and self-directed learners. They like taking different courses and taking part in discussions around subjects they are interested in. ___________________ they also know their own learning styles, and their strengths and weaknesses. They can plan and organize their own learning.

        ●They are critical(批判性的) thinkers. They always use a lot of ways to analyze (分析) and synthesize(A EX)information. From their research they judge the information to see if it is useful for the question at hand.

        ●They are problem solvers. They will meet different problems while learning. However, they usually see problems as challenges and life experiences and try to stand above them.

    1. (1) What does the underlined "knowledge seekers" mean?
      A . Persons who are looking for knowledge. B . Persons who are teaching knowledge. C . Persons whose jobs are inventing knowledge. D . Persons who are testing knowledge.
    2. (2) What can be put in the blank(空白处)?
      A . They don't like learning on society. B . They learn both from and with others. C . They learn from plants and animals. D . They invite each other to parties.
    3. (3) Which of the following most clearly shows you are a critical thinker?
      A . You always use a lot of ways to analyse and synthesize information. B . You believe in the information you get and use them in your study. C . You correct mistakes someone makes as soon as you find them. D . You ask others for help when you can't correct your own mistakes.
    4. (4) How is the passage organized? (P= Paragraph)
      A . B . C . D .
    5. (5) What is the purpose of the passage?
      A . To describe the height, clothes and hairstyle of a lifelong learner. B . To explain the relationship between common people and lifelong learners. C . To suggest lifelong learners become experts. D . To introduce some of the main characteristics lifelong learners have.
  • 7. (2018·温州) 阅读下面短文:客观题请从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

        Diabetes is caused by a group of metabolic disorders in which there are high blood sugar levels over a long period of time. There are three main types of diabetes:

    l   Type 1 Diabetes results from the body not having enough insulin.

    l   Type 2 Diabetes mainly happens to those who do not have enough physical exercise, eat too much unhealthy food and get too heavy.

    l   Gestational Diabetes is the third main form. It appears when a woman is having a baby. She will probably get well again after the birth of the baby.

        Diabetes can bring serious problems. People with diabetes, especially the Type 1, will easily get thirsty and hungry, and quickly lose weight. If it is not treated, it will develop rapidly (weeks or months), and cause many long-term complications. All the complications relate to damage to blood vessels. For example, damage to the eyes. It is caused by damage to the blood vessels in the eyes, and results in gradual vision loss and blindness. The complications will greatly increase the risk of diabetes, by which about 75% of the deaths are caused.

        According to a report from the WHO (World Health Organization) in 2015, about 415 million people have diabetes worldwide, which means 8. 3% of the adults in the world have diabetes. Of all the cases, 85% to 90% are Type 2 Diabetes. That is to say, most cases of diabetes result from the unhealthy life style. Diabetes doubles a person's risk of early death. From 2012 to 2015, about 1.5 to 5 million deaths each year resulted from this disease. The global economic cost of diabetes in 2014 was around 612 billion USD.

        A healthy life style can help prevent diabetes. Doing a lot of physical activities and having a healthy diet will help have normal body weight. Higher levels of physical activity (more than 90 minutes per day) can reduce the risk of diabetes by 28 %. Healthy diet includes foods rich in whole grains and fiber, foods with good fats from nuts, vegetable oils and fish, little sugar, and less red meat.

    1. (1) Diabetes is ______.
      A . a serious disease B . a damage to blood vessels C . an unhealthy life style D . an unusual blood sugar levels
    2. (2) According to the passage, what problem can diabetes cause?
      A . a person gets too heavy. B . A person doesn't want to eat. C . A person becomes blind. D . A woman will not have a baby.
    3. (3) The WHO report (2015) tells us that in the world ______.
      A . 8.3% of the people have diabetes B . 85% to 90% of the adults have Type 2 Diabetes C . about 1.5 to 5 million people died of diabetes every year D . the economic cost of diabetes was about 612 billion USD in 2014
    4. (4) Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?
      A . A Report on Health B . Diabetes and Its Cause C . How to Prevent Diabetes D . Diabetes: Harm and Prevention
  • 8. (2018·温州) 阅读下面短文:客观题请从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

        Oats are healthy food. Many families have them for breakfast. The following is the instructions of Golden Oats from America.


    1. (1) To make three servings of oats, we need one cup of Golden Oats and ______ cups of water.
      A . two B . three C . five D . six
    2. (2) Both Oatmeal Cookies and Oatmeal Apple Crisp need _____ .
      A . milk B . eggs C . salt D . butter
    3. (3) According to the instructions, we must ______.
      A . cook the oats before adding water B . cook the oats for at least 4 minutes C . choose the microwave to cook the oats D . add fruits to the oats when cooking them
  • 9. (2018·温州) 阅读下面短文:客观题请从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

        Bath, 97 miles west of London, is the largest city in Somerset, England. It became a World Heritage Site in 1987.

        The city got its name from the Roman Baths, which was a place for public bathing in Roman Britain. The water there is naturally heated under the ground. Today visitors are no longer allowed to enter the water. However, the exhibitions there will tell you the history of the Roman Baths. You can see many ancient Roman objects, including the coins that were thrown into the water to show respect to the goddess.

        Looking over the city, you will see many old buildings in the color of honey. Among them, the Royal Crescent and the Circus are the most famous. The Royal Crescent is a row of 30 houses in the shape of crescent. The Circus is about 200 meters to the east of the Royal Crescent. It is a huge circle formed with large townhouses. It is divided into three parts of the same length by three entrances with a lawn in the center. When visiting Bath, you can't miss these two sites.

        The museums in the city are also popular. You can go and appreciate western paintings. If you are interested in the English writer Jane Austen, you can go to Jane Austen Center to know more about her life with her father in Bath. If you come in October, you can even take part in the bath film Festival.

    1. (1) The passage is mainly about the ____ in Bath.
      A . writers B . paintings C . festivals D . buildings
    2. (2) According to the passage, what can visitors do in the Roman Baths?
      A . Take a bath. B . Play in the water. C . Enjoy ancient coins. D . Buy ancient Roman objects.
    3. (3) Which of the following is correct about the Royal Crescent and the Circus?
      A . B . C . D .
    4. (4) Bath is a city __________.
      A . where Jane Austen once lived B . that got its name from the heated water C . where a film festival is held all year round D . that has been a World Heritage Site for 21years
  • 10. (2018·湖州) 阅读下面短文,从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

        Workers wear them. Swimmers wear them. Scientists wear them. Woodcutters wear them. People who play sports wear them. Goggles protect the eyes. They keep out water and chemicals. They keep out bits of wood or stone. They might look funny, but goggles do serious work!

        Why do people need to wear goggles? They need to keep the can hurt our eyes. Have you ever gotten a piece of sand or dirt or other small particle in your eye? What happens? It hurts. Your eye begins to fill with tears. Those tears are your body's way of getting the sand or dirt out of your eye. Sometimes this works. Your eye feels much better.

        But what happens if your tears don't work? What happens if the piece of sand has gotten stuck in your eye? Eyes are delicate. They can be scratched or cut easier than skin(皮肤). If the particle is not washed out by tears, you might have to go to the doctor. You could even have problems seeing out of that eye.

        Instead of waiting to see if tears will help, some people use goggles. This can prevent things from getting in their eyes at all. If they use goggles. Their eyes are protected from the things that can cause problems, Goggles are a better way to protect eyes. They are made of plastic or glass, and they are tied around your eye area. Some of them hook behind your ears like glasses. Other goggles have a strap (带子) that goes around your head. Both kinds stay right where you put them until you take them off. That way, you can use both hands to work or play sports, and you don t have to worry about something getting in your eyes.

        Your eyes are safe, and you can get busy working or playing!

    1. (1) Which of the following is a kind of goggles?
      A . B . C . D .
    2. (2) From the passage, we know that tears ___________.
      A . work better than goggles B . stop things getting into eyes C . help to wash out the sand or dirt D . show ones sadness or happiness
    3. (3) The underlined word "delicate" in Paragraph 3 means ___________.
      A . easily hurt B . quite important C . easily protected D . quite special
    4. (4) The fourth paragraph mainly __________.
      A . describes different types of goggles B . tells how goggles develop C . introduces the problems of goggles D . encourages people to use goggles
  • 11. (2018·湖州) 阅读下面短文,从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

    Safe Travel Abroad

        Preparing to go traveling abroad can be really stressful, especially if you don't know what to expect. Here is a list of important things to remember, so you know exactly what you need to do before you take off.

    What vaccines(疫苗) do I need?

        Go to your doctor for advice as soon as you know you're going traveling. They will know what vaccines you will need and will be able to advise you on when you need to have them. Remember, some vaccines need to be given months ahead, so make sure you book an appointment as early as possible.

    Do I need a visa(签证)?

        It's important that you have the correct official documents for traveling abroad. If you don't have the necessary paperwork, you might be refused entry. You'll need to check that your passport hasn't been out of date either.

    How do I arrange travel insurance(保险)?

        Travel insurance is really important. It can protect you in different kinds of situations, such as if you need medical treatment or if your flights are canceled. Travel insurance can be arranged easily online or over the phone, but you can always turn to your local travel agency. Travel agents will also be able to advise you on what you are insured against.

    1. (1) Those who        will most probably be interested in this text.
      A . work in insurance companies B . need medical treatment C . plan to travel abroad D . want to take vaccines
    2. (2) The text above may be from the part of        in a newspaper.
      A . news B . life C . sports D . advertisement
    3. (3) The main purpose of the text is to__________.
      A . help you make a travel plan B . tell you how to keep safe while traveling C . give you some advice on travel preparations D . suggest you buy insurance for your family
  • 12. (2018·杭州) 阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中选出最佳选项。

        Bananas are the perfect snack. Not only are they sweet and delicious, but they are easy to carry around, so you can take them anywhere. Best of all, bananas provide different things that the human body needs!

        Bananas grow best in warm places that get lots of rain. They grow on plants that look like trees. The banana plant, however, is considered a herb rather than a tree because it doesn't have a strong , woody stem(茎,干). The plants can grow as high as 30 feet. When they reach their full height, flowers grow out from the stem. These flowers produce bananas.

    Two or three times each year, the plants produce fruit. The bananas grow together, which seem like "hands". A hand is made up of 10 to 20 bananas. Growers sometimes call bananas "fingers". Each bunch(丛) of bananas has about 15 hands, and so a whole bunch may have as many as 200 bananas and can weigh more than 100 pounds.

        After about three months, the bananas are ready to be picked. At this point, they still aren't the sunny yellow color of bananas. Farmers pick them when they're green. That's how they're shipped to stores. They turn yellow along the way and are ready to be sold.

        If you love bananas, you've got a lot of company. Americans have been enjoying bananas since the first shipment arrived in the United States in 1876. Today, American eat more bananas than any other fruit. More bananas are sold than apples and grapes together. Every American eats over 26 pounds of bananas each year!

    1. (1) The first paragraph mainly talks about         .
      A . why people like bananas B . how bananas taste C . what bananas are rich in D . where bananas are taken
    2. (2) What is the correct order in which these happen?

      a. The bananas begin to turn yellow    b. A banana plant grows to full height.

      c. The flowers produce bananas.   d. The bananas are ready to be picked.

      A . c-b-a-d B . b-c-d-a C . b-c-a-d D . c-b-d-a
    3. (3) Which of the following is true according to the passage?
      A . The banana plant is a kind of tree. B . Bananas like growing in hot and dry areas. C . One banana plant usually produces fruit once a year. D . The banana plant usually produces fruit once a year.
    4. (4) Which is the second most popular fruit in America according to the bar chart?
      A . Apples. B . Grapes. C . Bananas. D . Oranges
  • 13. (2018·杭州) 阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中选出最佳选项。

        There is a popular Chinese saying that “Fair skin(皮肤) will make up for three flaws(缺陷)”. This mentions the fact that in Chinese culture, it is believed that people who have fair skin are more beautiful. In Western culture, however, the opposite is true — many Westerners think tanned skin is prettier. The example shows that different cultures have different ideas of what they think is beautiful. These cultural meanings of the beauty, however, are no longer important. As more and more people travel overseas, ideas about beauty are being shared among cultures. The Internet has also made it easier for people to share different types of beauty since people are always posting pictures on social media. The result is an ever-changing idea of what is considered beautiful.

        The cultural practice of ear piercings, for example, has become a part of modern day culture.

        In Kenya, it is a tradition among Masai men and women to pierce and then make their ear

        lobes( 耳 垂 ) longer using ivory and wood or stones. They then wear colorful things on their ear lobes. This is a common practice since longer ear lobes are seen as a sigh of beauty. This tradition has now found its way into present-day culture. Nowadays, this might still seem unusual to some, but with more and more well-known actors and film stars showing off their longer ear lobes, it will finally become more fashionable.

        It is understood that different cultures around the world have different ways of showing beauty. However, since we now live in a worldwide society, people's views about beauty are always changing. With the help of the Internet, people are now able to easily borrow ideas from other cultures to help them stand out. So what new fashions can we expect to see in the future?

    1. (1) What has made it easier for people to share ideas about beauty?
      A . The development of technology. B . The popularity of the latest fashions. C . The unchanged cultural traditions. D . The world's growing population.
    2. (2) What can be learned about the Masai people from the passage?
      A . Longer ear lobes are their new fashion. B . Only women make their ear lobes longer. C . They think longer ear lobes look beautiful. D . They make actors and film stars famous.
    3. (3) The underlined word “them” in the last paragraph refers to           .
      A . people B . ideas C . cultures D . fashions
    4. (4) What is the passage mainly about?
      A . People in Asian countries like fair skin better. B . Beauty is considered important in many cultures. C . Different cultures have different ideas about beauty. D . People's ideas about beauty are changing all the time.
  • 14. (2018·舟山) 阅读下面四篇材料,然后从各题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。

    Eating your way around the world

    Australia: Try a pie floater?

        Feeling hungry? No visit to South Australia is complete without trying the local food-a pie floater. They are traditionally sold at roadside food shops, some of which stay open all night. It is a meat pie floating in a thick green pen soup. Finally, the pie is covered with plenty of bright red tomato ketchup(番茄酱). Enjoy!

    Vietnam: Soup for breakfast

    The food stands in the streets of Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, open early in the morning and stay busy till late at night, selling fast food to hungry passers-by. The most famous dish is pho, a noodle soup with slices of beef or chicken and different vegetables. It's usually eaten for breakfast—-many Vietnamese people say they cannot start the day without this delicious food!

    Belgium: Home of French fries

        You can find French fried potatoes all over the world, but as Belgians will tell you, they, not the French, invented this popular street food, back in the 17th century. French fries, eaten from a paper cone are the Belgian's favourite food. The secret of perfect French fries is that they are fried(油炸) twice in hot oil, to give a perfect, golden outside

    1. (1) A pie floater in South Australia is a kind of food with _________.
      A . fried potatoes B . thick soup C . beef or chicken D . a golden outside
    2. (2) According to the passage, all the three kinds of local food _________.
      A . are sold in the street B . have meat inside C . have tomato ketchup D . are fried in hot oil
    3. (3) The passage most probably comes from the ______ column(栏目) in a magazine.
      A . education B . health C . travel D . technology
  • 15. (2018·舟山) 阅读下面四篇材料,然后从各题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。

        Right now you probably spend most of your time in school. Do you wonder what you are going to do after high school? Will you continue to go to school? Will you learn a trade? Perhaps it is time to think about your choices and to prepare for them. Some day work will be a big part of your life.

        What kind of job would be right for you? Think about your interests and your skills. You may like to listen to music, dance, play basketball, or work with computers. You may know how to drive a car or how to get along with people. Knowing both your interests and skills will help make a better plan for your career(职业).

        To get an idea of what work you would like to do, make a list of your interests and a list of your skills. Think about what you have done to be successful in your interests. After that, brainstorm a list of career choices that might match your interests and skills. You can later keep your lists with the projects and documents(文件) that can help you achieve the career you want. They can help you know more clearly about your achievements in school and in the world of work.

        Roberta Zhan, an art designer, finds her work satisfying because it allows her to use her interests and skills. She enjoyed imagining something in her mind's eye while she was in school. She took art, design, and computer lessons, and also learned about taking photos on her own.

        Here is what she says about the meaning of work: "If you have a job you like, work means much more than just making money. It means using your talents, making a contribution(贡献) and getting a real sense of satisfaction from doing a job."

    1. (1) The passage is most probably written to ________.
      A . students B . teachers C . parents D . designers
    2. (2) At the beginning, the writer introduces the topic of the passage by ________.
      A . listing facts B . giving examples C . asking questions D . explaining differences
    3. (3) Roberta Zhan might be most interested in ______ when she was at school.
      A . singing songs B . creating pictures C . playing basketball D . playing computer games
    4. (4) The passage is mainly about ________.
      A . the real meaning of work B . the importance of interests and skills C . the journey of Roberta's life D . the way of preparing for the future career
  • 16. (2018·金华) 阅读下列材料,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项

    Understanding Graphics(图表)

        When we are reading, we often see one or two graphics in a text. Have you ever thought about these questions: Why are they there? What information do they give? Do they help with our reading and understanding?

        Graphics are things like pictures, maps, charts and tables. They give information to readers. Very often, we can see different kinds of graphics in books, magazines and newspapers. Writers use graphics to get the readers' attention and give them some particular(特别的)information. Graphics help to understand the given information in a text. And graphics put the information in a particular order so that it's easy to understand when we take a quick look.

        It is not always true that a picture is worth a thousand words. But many things are easier to show than to tell and they may also be easier to understand. Graphics are just the right things that give a great deal of information but it doesn't take much time to read and understand.

        The right way to read and understand a graphic is to look at the picture and the words together. In a graphic, only a few words are used to explain what the picture shows you. Sometimes, numbers and percentages(百分比) are also given to go with the words to explain things.

        Now look at the graphic on the right. It is how a researcher used a graphic to show the number of hours spent sleeping by British teenagers each day. Can you understand it?

              

    1. (1) Which of the following is mentioned as a graphic?
      A . A letter. B . A poem. C . A map. D . A name card.
    2. (2) The writer thinks graphics are important because ____________.
      A . less space is taken on a page B . a picture is worth a thousand words C . a lot of time can be saved for writers D . many things are easier to show than to tell
    3. (3) When we read a graphic, we should ______.
      A . find out if there are any tables in it B . put the information in the right order C . count how many words there are in it D . look at the picture and the words together
    4. (4) The graphic given in the passage tells us that ________.
      A . 5 British teenagers sleep for 8-9 hours every day B . Chinese 18-year-olds spend 5-6 hours sleeping every day C . 17% of the British teenagers sleep for 3-4 hours each day D . 42% of the Chinese teenagers spend 6-7 hours sleeping each day
  • 17. (2018·聊城) 阅读下列短文,从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个能回答所提问题或能完成所给句子的最佳选项。

        Vienna is a beautiful old city on the River Danube in the center of Europe. It's the capital city of Austria and the center of European classical music. In the 18th century a lot of musicians came to study and work in Vienna.

        In the Strauss family, there were two composers called Johann Strauss: the father and the son. The father, Johann Strauss the elder, wrote and played music for traditional dances, called the waltz. His dance music made him famous all over Europe. The son, Johann Strauss the younger, was also very successful and popular. He wrote over 150 waltzes. In 1867 he wrote The Blue Danube waltz.

        Mozart was another very important composer. He was born in Austria in 1756. Before he was six, he played not only the piano but also the violin. His family took him around Europe and he gave concerts in many cities. He wrote hundreds of wonderful pieces of music. But he became very poor and died in 1791 when he was only 35. Like Johann Strauss, father and son, he was a great European musician, and many people still think his music is perfect.

    1. (1) From Paragraph 1(第1段) we know that Vienna is________.
      A . a beautiful new city B . on the River Danube C . in the center of Austria D . the center of European pop music
    2. (2) How many important composers are mentioned in the passage?
      A . One B . Two C . Three D . Four
    3. (3) Johann Strauss the elder was famous for_____.
      A . the dance music B . his son C . The Blue Danube D . the concerts
    4. (4) It can be inferred(推断)from the passage that Mozart was______.
      A . stupid and lazy B . clever but lazy C . stupid but hard- working D . clever and hard- working
    5. (5) This passage can be found most probably in the part of_____ in a newspaper.
      A . News B . Recreation(娱乐) C . Ad(广告) D . Sport
  • 18. (2018·济宁) 阅读下面短文,从每小题A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出能回答所提问题的最佳答案。

    A

        Maps are pictures of places. You must have seen a map of the world, of your home country and even of your home city. They show us towns, cities, roads, parks, schools, hospitals, and more.

    There are also many other types( 类型) of maps. Each gives a special kind of information. There are street maps, tourist maps, and even maps of the air and sea.

        Here is a simple road map.

    1. (1) Which is the biggest town on the map?
      A . Greenton. B . Bluetown. C . Smalltown. D . Bigtow.
    2. (2) If you drive from Smalltown to Bluetown, which is the best way to choose?
      A . M3 B . M13. C . M23 D . R67
    3. (3) What does the writer mainly want to tell us?
      A . Ways to choose maps. B . Ways to read maps. C . Some types of maps. D . The importance of maps.
  • 19. (2018·济宁) 阅读下面短文,从每小题A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出能回答所提问题的最佳答案。

    C

        In America, boys and girls often join clubs. The members of a club work together. They also learn certain skills and share good times.

        Many boys belong to Boy Scouts. Boy scouts enjoy hiking and camping out together, and they learn many things. Scouts learn safety rules, first aid, and what to do when in danger. Members have a chance to learn outdoor living. They learn to build fires and cook out in the open.

        Girl Scouts and Camp Fire Girls are clubs for girls. These two clubs give their members a chance to have fun and learn. The girls in a group take trips, have parties and go hiking and camping together. The Camp Fire Girls earn honor beads( 荣誉珠) for learning such skills as swimming and cooking. The Girl Scouts earn badges(徽章).

        Both boys and girls can be members of 4-h clubs, Children who live in either the city or the country may belong to 4-h. A project such as raising a pig or a calf can be carried on only by farm children, while city children can take part in gardening and cooking projects.

        In all these clubs the boys and girls learn to be good and useful citizens.

    1. (1) Why do boys and girls join clubs according to the passage?
      A . To make their parents happy. B . To earn honor beads and badges. C . To learn skills and share good times. D . To enjoy hiking and camping out.
    2. (2) What does Para. 2 mainly talk about?
      A . What to do when in danger. B . Some activities of Boy Scouts. C . What Boy Scouts really enjoy. D . Some skills about outdoor living.
    3. (3) What can we know from Para. 3?
      A . In America there are many clubs for girls. B . Camp Fire Girls is quite popular in America. C . Girls can go hiking and camping with the boys. D . Girls are encouraged to learn swimming and cooking.
    4. (4) What is the passage mainly about?
      A . Members of 4-h clubs in America. B . Clubs for boys and girls in America. C . Different kinds of clubs in America. D . Children who are interested in clubs.
  • 20. (2018·济宁) 阅读下面短文,从每小题A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出能回答所提问题的最佳答案。

    D

        Inventions make our life easier and better than before. What are the best inventions of last year? Here are three amazing things in Time magazines list of the 25 best inventions of 2017.

        Smart mug

        It's hard to keep coffee or tea warm, especially in winter. But this smart mug from US company Ember Technologies can solve this problem. There is an app for the mug that allows people to set the mug to a certain temperature between 48℃ and 62℃. Then, the mug keeps your coffee or tea at that temperature for about an hour, and even longer if you put the mug on a charging(充电)plate.

        Social robot

        Can robots talk to us like humans? Jibo, a robot made by US company Jibo Inc, can do this. With a big, round head and a big body, Jibo looks like a cartoon character. And its voice sounds like a 10-year-old boy. As soon as you say "Hey, Jibo," it dances and turns to face you. When it talks to you, it moves its head and body to communicate with you. Its appearance, tone of voice and humor make you feel that you have a little friend Jibo is able to tell stories to children, take pictures just by hearing your order "Jibo, take a picture", and do hundreds of other jobs. Although its creators think that Jibo still has a lot to learn, it's available with a price of $ 899; a good price for a pretty smart and friendly robot!

        Fidget spinner

        What is the most popular toy this year? The answer is probably fidget spinners. They are small plastic or metal toys with a bearing(滚珠轴承)in the middle. The toys can keep turning around on your fingertip for a few minutes after you start them. Once they are turning, you can put them on any other flat surface, such as a ruler or even the nose of a pet dog. This toy is very popular among young people around the world. Some people say that it helps them calm down and relax. But it may not be a good thing to spend too much time playing with it.

    1. (1) Why is the smart mug special?
      A . It's not easy to get broken in winter. B . It can heat coffee or tea up to 48 ℃. C . It can solve many difficult problems. D . It has an app to control the temperature.
    2. (2) What does the underlined sentence mean?
      A . Jibo is not perfect yet but worth buying. B . Although Jibo is cheap, it's not worth buying. C . Although Jibo is expensive, it is worth the money. D . The creators have to learn a lot to make Jibo perfect.
    3. (3) What is a fidget spinner used for?
      A . Having fun. B . Cleaning finger. C . Doing homework. D . Answering questions.
    4. (4) What's the best title for the whole text?
      A . Inventions and our life. B . Time magazines list. C . Best inventions of 2017. D . Mugs, robots and toys.
  • 21. (2018·安徽) 阅读下列短文,从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳选项。
                                                                                        Children's Games in Ancient China

        During ancient times, children didn't have much to enjoy themselves. However, they came up with interesting games to play in their childhood.

    Kicking stone balls

        During the Qing Dynasty, kicking a stone ball around was a popular game in the northern part of China, and it was often played in winter to keep warm.

    Playing hide-and-seek

        Hide-and-seek is a traditional game for children, popular around the nation. There are two ways to play: covering a child's eyes while other kids run around to tease(戏弄) him or, more commonly, others hide and one child must try to find them.

    Flying kites

        Kites have quite a long history. The earliest kites were made of wood, instead of paper. The three most famous kites are the Beijing kite, Tianjin kite and Weifang kite. Each has its own feature. For example, the bird-shaped kite with long wings is a special kind of the Beijing kite.

    Watching shadow plays(皮影戏)

        The closest thing to watching a film during ancient times was going to see a shadow play. The artists control puppets(木偶) behind the screen and tell stories to the music.

    1. (1) According to the text, the game of kicking a stone ball was ______.
      A . played in summer B . like flying kites C . invented in Beijing D . popular in North China
    2. (2) How is hide-and-seek usually played?
      A . One plays and others watch. B . Others laugh and one must cry. C . Others hide and one tries to find. D . One runs and others try to catch.
    3. (3) What does the underlined word “feature” mean in the text?
      A . 特征 B . 地貌 C . 五官 D . 影片
    4. (4) Which ancient game is like watching a film?
      A . Kicking stone balls. B . Flying kites. C . Playing hide-and-seek. D . Watching shadow plays.
  • 22. (2018·安徽) 阅读下列短文,从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳选项。

        Job interviews can be very different from country. An interviewer's “body language” and questions, and the form of an interview are not the same around the world.

        If you're at a job interview in Japan, don't look directly into the eyes of the interviewer. It is considered impolite. But if you're at an interview in the US, you should make eye contact(交流) with the interviewer. If you don't, the interviewer may think you are not sure about your ability.

        In the US and some other countries, interviewers aren't supposed to ask questions about family and personal information. In most countries, however, personal questions are very common during job interviews.

        In Germany, your interview might begin with a very short conversation followed by a formal(正式的) interview. In Mexico and many other countries, the whole interview might not be formal.

    1. (1) In Japan, looking directly into the eyes of the interviewer is ______.
      A . boring B . impolite C . humorous D . dangerous
    2. (2) What is suggested at an interview in the US according to the text?
      A . Sitting by the interviewer. B . Making eye contact. C . Talking about family background. D . Asking personal information.
    3. (3) In ______, a short talk usually begins before a formal interview.
      A . Japan B . the US C . Germany D . Mexico
    4. (4) In which part of a magazine can we read the text?
      A . science. B . Geography. C . Culture. D . Sports.
  • 23. (2018·安徽) 阅读下列短文,从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳选项。
        Would you like to live in a city where buildings turn the lights off for you, and self-driving cars will find the nearest parking space themselves? Although it might sound a little far from you, living in a “smart” city like this could happen sooner than you think.
        Great changes have taken place in towns that we have lived in for centuries, while completely new cities are being built. One such place is the city of Songdo. Every home there will have a “telepresence” system(远程遥控系统)- allowing users to control the heating and looks, take part in video meetings, and receive education, healthcare and government services. Around the city, escalators(自动扶梯) will only move when someone is on them, and offices and schools will all be connected to the system.
        The great mind behind Songdo is from the company Cisco. In fact, technology companies around the world such as IBM, Siemens and Microsoft are already in the business.
        About 75% of the world's population will live in cities by 2050, so cities will need to be more modern to deal with the coming problems. “making cities smarter is one way out, and I think this will in turn make cities greener,” said Dan Hill, head of a research company.
    1. (1) According to the text, living in a “smart” city ______.
      A . is not a green way B . will be far from you C . will soon become true D . is completely impossible
    2. (2) What is Paragraph 2 mainly about?
      A . A city of the future. B . A meeting in Songdo. C . A plan to build a house. D . A report on public health.
    3. (3) Which company offers the great mind to build Songdo?
      A . Cisco. B . IBM. C . Siements. D . Microsoft
    4. (4) Dan Hill thinks that making cities smarter is one way to ______.
      A . drive people out of cities B . control the world's population C . develop his own company D . solve the cities' coming problems
    5. (5) Which of the following might be the best title for the text?
      A . Future Education B . Smart Cities. C . Government Services. D . Famous Companies.
  • 24. (2018·宜宾) 阅读下面材料,从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中,选出最佳选项。

    C

        China's national anthem, March of the Volunteers, is a song that we learn at the beginning of primary school and sing at every flag-raising ceremony. And now, there's even a law to protect it.

        Last September, the government passed the National Anthem Law, which became effective(生效) from Oct.1, 2017. It states how we should sing or play the song, requiring all of us to behave towards it politely.

        Primary and middle schools must teach the anthem to their students and make them understand the song's spirit and history. Moreover, the law requires us to be serious when we are singing the song. We can't joke about it or change the song's words or music. If someone breaks the law, he or she can be detained for up to 15 days, or face further punishment in more serious situations. The national anthem is different from other songs – it is the symbol of our country.

        Many foreign countries also have laws for their national anthems. For example, American school children should put their right hand over their heart while singing their country's anthem at school. In Russia, the national anthem must be played on television and radio before the start and end of broadcasting. And in the Philippines, people are required to sing the national anthem with feelings when it's played in public.

    1. (1) How long has the National Anthem Law become effective till now?
      A . For more than one year. B . For just half a year. C . For less than 9 months. D . For about 10 months.
    2. (2) Why must we be serious when singing the song?
      A . Because the school asks us to. B . Because it has a long history. C . Because we are good students. D . Because it's our country's symbol.
    3. (3) What does the underlined word “detained” mean?
      A . Kept in a police station. B . Forced to work. C . Prevented from eating. D . Kept singing the song.
    4. (4) Students are required to put their right hand over their heart in      .
      A . China B . America C . Philippine D . Russia
  • 25. (2018·宜宾) 阅读下面材料,从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中,选出最佳选项。

    D

        What can be both red or green, round or sharp, big or small, and more importantly, loved or hated by someone? Yes, the answer is chilies (辣椒).

        Many of us in China enjoy adding chilies to our food, but did you know that this spicy (辣 的)   vegetable could also be dangerous? A 34-year-old US man recently ended up in hospital after eating a Carolina Reaper, the spiciest chili people have known so far. After taking just a single bite of one, the man suffered from serious headaches in the following days, reported BBC News.

        In fact, eating spicy food causes stomachache and headache. But if chilies are harmful, why do people like to eat this vegetable? So what makes people love chilies so much? The human body is influenced by natural chemicals that produce “a sense of happiness”, noted BBC News.

        And chilies do good to people in another way. Scientists found that the death rate of those who eat spicy food once or twice a week is 10 percent lower than those who eat it less than once a week. The death rate is 14 percent lower for those who eat spicy food six to seven times a week. This encourages people to eat more spicy food to improve health and bring less death risk at an early age. So, don't worry if you love spicy food. It seems that chilies are actually good for us.

    1. (1) What is the main idea of the second paragraph?
      A . Eating chilies can be dangerous. B . The US man died in hospital. C . The US man often had headaches. D . The Chinese enjoy eating chilies.
    2. (2) People like to eat chilies because                   .
      A . chilies do no harm to people B . the chili is a kind of vegetable C . they can get personal enjoyment D . chemicals in chilies make them mad
    3. (3) What is true about the last paragraph?
      A . The more chilies you eat, the longer you must live. B . Scientists encourage us to add chilies to our food. C . We should eat spicy food six times a week. D . Proper spicy food may improve our health.
    4. (4) Which of the following can be the best title?
      A . Eating Chilies, A Healthy Lifestyle B . A Loved and Hated Vegetable C . Chili—A Harmful Vegetable D . Causes of Stomachache

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