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人教版高一上学期必修一 Unit 4 Earthquakes...

更新时间:2021-05-20 浏览次数:173 类型:单元试卷
一、阅读理解
  • 1. (2022高三下·舟山月考) 阅读理解

    Panama City, Panama

    For beach vacations that get you out of town and invite you and your family to dive into culture, consider a trip to Panama City. Here, you will enjoy beaches and city exploring. Book your stay at the Westin Playa Bonita, where you can book a room starting at $222 a night. There are various programs, including beach Olympics, stargazing (天体观察) and Spanish lessons.

    Jupiter, Florida

    This place offers you quality time you can spend with your loved ones. Book your stay at Jupiter Beach Resort & Spa, with rates for a family of four starting at $207 a night. Here, you can shoot baskets at the basketball courts, take a dip in the pool or teach your children beach yoga.

    San Diego, California

    The West Coast is a great spot for cheap beach vacations, so tell your family to pack their bags for a visit to San Diego. A cheap $10 Uber ride from the airport will have you pull up at the Kona Kai Resort & Spa. Here, a family of four can stay in a Deluxe Guest Room starting at $159 per night. Your kids can practice cannonballs at the pool after a visit to the world­famous San Diego Zoo.

    Kihei, Hawaii

    For west coasters who are growing bored with their background, fly to the islands of Hawaii. Stay at the Aston at the Maui Banyan, with a charge of $179 a night for a family of four. Here, you'll witness some of the best sunsets of your life while your kids play in the Pacific. And if you set about cooking a fancy meal, you'll enjoy suites that come with a full kitchen.

    1. (1) Which of the following charges you least a night?
      A . The Westin Playa Bonita. B . Jupiter Beach Resort & Spa. C . The Kona Kai Resort & Spa. D . The Aston at the Maui Banyan.
    2. (2) What can you do at the Aston at the Maui Banyan?
      A . Admire beautiful sunsets. B . Visit a world­famous zoo. C . Observe fantastic stars. D . Play some beach sports.
    3. (3) What is the common feature of the four destinations?
      A . They all offer rooms with a full kitchen. B . They are all intended for family trips. C . They all pick up visitors from the airport. D . They all provide bike riding on the beach.
  • 2. 阅读理解

    Earthquake rescue robots have experienced their final tests in Beijing. Their designers say with these robots, rescuers will be able to buy more time to save lives during an earthquake.

    This robot, looking like a helicopter, is called the detector (探测器) bot. At about 4 metres long, it took about 4 years to develop the model. Its main functions are to collect information from the air, and deliver goods of up to 30 kilos to people trapped by an earthquake.

    This robot is equipped with a high 360­degree panoramic (全景的) camera. It can work day and night and also be able to send the latest pictures from the quake area.

    Dr Qi Juntong, from Chinese Academy of Sciences, said, "The most important feature of this robot is that it doesn't need distant control. We just set the information on it, and then it takes off, and lands by itself. It flies as high as 3,000 metres, and as fast as 100 kilometres per hour."

    This robot has a different function — it can change as the environment changes. Its main job is to search for any signs of life in places where human rescuers can't go.

    The robot is equipped with a camera that can work in the dark, as well as a detector that not only finds people, but can also detect poisonous gas.

    Another use for the rescuers is the supply bot, with its 10­metre­long pipe. People trapped in the ruins will be able to get supplies including oxygen and liquids.

    Experts have said that the robots will be produced, and serve as part of the national earthquake rescue team as soon as next year.

    1. (1) We can learn from the passage that the earthquake rescue robot ________.
      A . is unable to deliver goods B . is designed to predict the earthquake C . can send pictures even at night D . can be used to clear away poisonous gas
    2. (2) According to Dr Qi Juntong, the earthquake rescue robot ________.
      A . has a unique shape B . has more functions C . is equipped with more advanced cameras D . can work by itself once given the information
    3. (3) The robot can find people in an earthquake with the help of ________.
      A . a remote control B . a detector C . a long pipe D . a helicopter
    4. (4) What is the passage mainly about?
      A . Some information about earthquakes. B . How to build earthquake rescue robots. C . An introduction to a kind of earthquake rescue robots. D . Different earthquake rescue robots in the world.
  • 3. 阅读理解

    A tiny Alaska village has experienced a boom in tourism in recent years as polar bears spend more time on land than on Arctic sea ice.

    More than 2,000 people visited the northern Alaska village of Kaktovik in 2018 to see polar bears in the wild. The far north community lies in an area where increasingly higher temperature has sped up the movement of sea ice, the primary habitat (栖息地) of polar bears. As ice has gradually moved to deep water beyond the continental shelf, more bears are remaining on land to look for food.

    Polar bears have always been a common sight on sea ice near Kaktovik, but villagers started noticing a change in the mid­1990s. More bears seemed to stay on land, and researchers began taking note of more female bears making homes in the snow on land instead of on the ice to raise their babies. U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service biologists began hearing reports of the increasing number of polar bears in the area in the early 2000s. As more attention was given to the plight (困境) of polar bears about a decade ago, more tourists started heading to Kaktovik.

    The village had fewer than 50 visitors annually before 2011, said Jennifer Reed, of the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge. "Today we're talking about hundreds and hundreds of visitors, many from around the world each year," Reed said. Most tourists visit in the fall, when bears are forced toward land because sea ice is farthest away from the shore. Bruce Inglangasak, a local hunter who sometimes offers wildlife­ viewing tours, said he's been offering polar bear tours since 2004. Most of his clients (客户) are from China and Europe, as well as from the lower 48 U. S. states. Many tourists stay several days in the village, which has two small hotels. The villagers have benefited a lot from that. In turn, they provide more effective protection for polar bears with financial support from tourism development.

    1. (1) What causes more polar bears to stay on land in Kaktovik?
      A . Food shortage. B . Climate change. C . Habitats' movement to shore. D . Their preference for land.
    2. (2) How did common people feel about more sight of bears on land?
      A . Excited. B . Puzzled. C . Concerned. D . Shocked.
    3. (3) What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
      A . Hotels in Kaktovik are in demand in autumn. B . Kaktovik has about 50 visitors annually. C . Inglangasak makes a living as a tour guide. D . Tourism affects the balance of nature.
    4. (4) Which saying can describe the text?
      A . The fittest can survive. B . After a storm comes a calm. C . There is always opportunity in crisis. D . Every coin has two sides.
  • 4. 阅读理解

    A walker seriously injured in a mountain­top lightning strike which killed two others is showing signs of improvement, the police have said. A major rescue operation was performed on Sunday following two strikes which hit the Brecon Beacons, South Wales. Two men died, while two others were taken to hospital.

    A police spokeswoman said, “A man in a serious condition in hospital, following simultaneous (同时发生的) incidents in the Brecon Beacons, has now improved and he is recovering. Officers are continuing to get in touch with the next of relatives of the dead men and enquiries are ongoing. All men were believed to be from England.”

    Mark Jones, of the Brecon Mountain Rescue Team, described the lightning strike as a freak accident, and something he had not been called out to in 30 years of service.

    The walking group Ramblers Cymru said that while incidents involving thunder and lightning were rare, electrical storms should be taken seriously by walkers.

    The organisation's delivery officer, Elly Hannigan Popp, said, "We'd advise everyone to check the weather forecast before starting a walk. If you hear thunder, see lightning or if your hair stands on end, postpone activities even if the sky looks blue and clear. Lightning will strike as far as 10 miles away from any rainfall. Lightning can strike the same place repeatedly — especially tall, pointed, isolated objects."

    "If there is no shelter you should keep moving. And if you become the tallest object, crouch (蹲) in the open twice as far away from the nearest pointed object as it is tall. Make yourself as small as possible, stay on your toes and keep your heels together, as it will allow electricity to go up one foot, through the heels and back into the ground through the other."

    1. (1) What can we learn about the victims of the incident?
      A . Both of the injured men are recovering slowly. B . The bodies of the two men haven't been found. C . The four men involved may be from the same country. D . The police cannot contact the two dead men's relatives.
    2. (2) Why did the author quote the police spokeswoman in Paragraph 2?
      A . Because the accident is very serious. B . To announce where the victims come from. C . Because the police are looking into the accident. D . To tell the readers some facts of the incident.
    3. (3) What's the meaning of the underlined word in Paragraph 3?
      A . Unusual. B . Regular. C . Unimportant. D . Frightening.
    4. (4) What do the last two paragraphs tell us?
      A . Harm done by lightning. B . Warnings from a delivery officer. C . First aid in a lightning incident. D . Safety tips on a lightning strike.
二、任务型阅读
  • 5. 任务型阅读

    Everybody has some goals in life. If you are not acting in a way that will help you achieve those goals, your confidence may be less.

    Take real action.

    Lack of action. Watching TV isn't an action. Eating isn't an action, too.  It can be a side hustle, a hobby . . . Something that you want! Of course, when you set goals for life, you should be able to put them together, and make practical goals.

    If you aren't proud of yourself, how can't you be in low spirits. The quickest way to overcome your situation is to win more often. Both are strong hormones (荷尔蒙) that push you to do more.You'll get more confidence from winning. This is how you get started — win.

    Face up to true selves.

    We should know ourselves very well and judge ourselves fairly. Instead of thinking about your own physical imperfections, or always comparing yourself with others' advantages, you should believe that you have bright spots, and that everyone has their own strengths and weaknesses.If we would just accept and trust ourselves, confidence might be much stronger.

    A. A real action is something that you want.

    B. Calm down and think positively.

    C. Keep normal relationships and make more warm­hearted friends.

    D. If so, you need to read the following tips.

    E. There is no such thing as a perfect person.

    F. Once you start to win, you will always go for more winning.

    G. High confidence comes with pride.

三、完形填空
  • 6. 完形填空

    Do you think you have what it takes to be a successful scientist? A successful scientist is generally a good observer. He makes full 1 of the facts he observes. He doesn't accept ideas which are not 2 on obvious facts, and therefore 3 to accept authority as the only truth. He always checks ideas 4 and makes experiments to prove them.

    The rise of modern science may perhaps be considered to 5 as far back as the time of Roger Bacon, the wonderful philosopher of Oxford, who lived between the years 1214 and 1292. He was probably the first in the Middle Ages to 6 that we should learn science 7 observing and experimenting on the things around us, and he himself 8 many important truths.

    Galileo (1564-1642), 9 ,who lived more than 300 years later, was the greatest of several great men in Italy, France, Germany, and England, who began to show how many important 10 could be discovered by observation by degrees. Before Galileo, learned men believed that large bodies 11 more rapidly towards the earth than small ones, 12 Aristotle said so. But Galileo, going to the 13 of the Leaning Tower of Pisa, let fall two 14 stones and proved Aristotle was wrong. It is Galileo's 15 of going direct to nature, and proving our 16 and theories by experiment, that has 17 all the discoveries of modern science.

    What 18 those people good scientists? From the example of Galileo, we know clearly that 19 scientists are those whose observations have 20 better results.

    (1)
    A . use B . sense C . speed D . trust
    (2)
    A . relied B . based C . insisted D . centered
    (3)
    A . refuses B . desires C . intends D . regrets
    (4)
    A . casually B . carefully C . quickly D . privately
    (5)
    A . date B . keep C . look D . come
    (6)
    A . command B . suspect C . suggest D . conclude
    (7)
    A . in B . with C . on D . by
    (8)
    A . brought B . discovered C . handled D . announced
    (9)
    A . however B . therefore C . seldom D . never
    (10)
    A . truths B . problems C . investigations D . subjects
    (11)
    A . threw B . fell C . ran D . rolled
    (12)
    A . although B . because C . when D . if
    (13)
    A . place B . foot C . top D . ceiling
    (14)
    A . big B . small C . similar D . unequal
    (15)
    A . spirit B . skill C . theory D . wish
    (16)
    A . plans B . opinions C . world D . ability
    (17)
    A . led to B . turned to C . set up D . put forward
    (18)
    A . makes B . prevents C . considers D . promises
    (19)
    A . reasonable B . successful C . expert D . sensitive
    (20)
    A . foreseen B . rejected C . produced D . challenged
四、语法填空
  • 7. 语法填空

    China has once again showed its ability to change the world with its "four great new (invent)" — high­speed rail, electronic payment, shared bicycle, and online shopping.

    China's new­generation high­speed train, the Fuxing Hao, is now one of the (fast) trains in the world, which can travel at a speed of 350 km/h. Besides high­speed rail, China (improve) people's lives in many other innovative ways over the last decade.

    Bike sharing, for example, is not new itself. But China has made much more convenient and popular both in China overseas. The leading Chinese bike­sharing companies Mobike and Ofo are now operating in foreign countries such as Singapore and Britain.

    And back in China, when riding a shared bike, you can stop (buy) and eat whatever you want (simple) with a tap on your phone. You could easily pay with your smartphone by (scan) the seller's QR code.  Cashless payment has grown into a (choose) for Chinese people — even a pancake seller is using Alipay.

    As for Alipay, it was designed to serve the online shopping at first, is now the most ways to make purchases in China. You can buy anything you need without leaving your homes.

五、短文改错
  • 8. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

    文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

    增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(^),并在其下面写出该加的词。

    删除:把多余的词用(\)划掉;

    修改:在错的词下画一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

    This summer, I visited Hangzhou, and this journey had impressed me deeply.

    Being a capital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou lies in the southeast of China. There are a lot of place of interest. Among them the West Lake is the best­known attraction, where water seem to melt into the sky by the distance. Besides, there are several museums locating in Hangzhou that show its unique culture. What's more, you can enjoy many kinds of deliciously local food such as West Lake Fish in Vinegar Sauce and Dongpo Pork. The people there are friendly and kind, but they are working hard make the city more beautiful.

    What attractive and inviting Hangzhou is!

六、书面表达
  • 9. 假定你是李华,你的好友Peter在你校上周举办的“美丽校园”摄影比赛中获奖了。请你根据以下要点给他写一封邮件:

    1)表示祝贺;

    2)你对获奖作品的看法;

    3)希望他分享摄影经验。

    注意:

    1)词数100左右;

    2)可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。

    Dear Peter,

    ……

    Yours,

    Li Hua

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