In 1831, a 22-year-old English biologist called Charles Darwin boarded the HMS Beagle in Plymouth and set off on an incredible voyage. His aim was to observe the natural world in places had not been studied in much detail. Almost 200 years later, another mission, the Darwin 200, has invited a team of conservationists to retrace back the Beagle's journey.
HMS Beagle's mission was to map the harbours of South America. Darwin was invited along (survey) the natural world. His observations on the Galapagos Islands, around 560 miles off the coast of Ecuador, changed the way Darwin saw nature, (lead) to Darwin's most famous work: his theory of evolution (进化论). This explained species change over time to adapt to their environments, a process called natural selection. It has been described as " (big) single idea in the history of human thought".
What is Darwin 200's mission? The Darwin200 ship (sail) more than 40,000 miles and stop at 32 ports in four continents. Specially (choose) conservationists will join at different stages for a week each to carry out wildlife studies. the journey, the ship's crew will make films that explain Charles Darwin's discoveries.
The Darwin 200 team will travel in a 50-metre-long Dutch sailing ship called Oosterschelde, which (build) in 1918 and has been restored fully for this voyage. The ship's captain said, "She has sailed the distance from here to the Moon and back twice! I may handle the most difficult situations, I trust her to bring me back home safely."
The ship is due to reach the Galapagos Islands in April 2025.
A. attacking B. beaten C. bites D. dignity E. diverse F. emotional G. exhibiting H. link I. literature J. strength K. struggles |
Hemingway's The Old Man and the Sea is the simple story of an old Cuban fisherman who undergoes the most difficult struggle of his life. In the title character, Santiago, Hemingway describes one of the most distinguished examples in American of an individual looking deep within to work up the courage necessary to get through the achievements and sad events that life presents.
Alone on the sea, Santiago continuously to find hope in several seemingly hopeless situations. The old man illustrates Hemingway's ideal of "grace under pressure", as he refuses to give in to the enormous obstacles (障碍) presented by the sea. Relying on memories of his youth, Santiago finds the to physically and emotionally carry on throughout the story.
After catching the great marlin (马林鱼) Santiago realizes he is unable to quickly kill the fish, and it proceeds to pull him farther out to sea. Yet, throughout the battle between man and fish the old man begins to recognize a(n) between him and the marlin, repeatedly referring to it as his brother. Both the old man and the fish are only insignificant among the creatures at sea, joined together by the fact that they are at the mercy of the sea.
The fish, therefore, changes from merely being Santiago's prey (猎物) into a reflection of the old man's and physical state. When the sharks damage the dead marlin hanging off the side of the boat as Santiago struggles to sail home, the old man fights them off as if they were him. Only when the marlin's body has been entirely eaten away does Santiago give up, knowing he "was now finally".
Although the old man seemingly fails once the sharks steal his prize fish, they cannot take away the fact that Santiago has done the unthinkable by staying with and catching a fish "bigger than he had ever heard of". In spite of not successfully bringing the fish back, Santiago fights with —first to catch the marlin, then to protect his fish from the sharks—and in doing so declares his humanity by remaining resilient (坚韧的) in the face of achievements and sad events.
5 Ways to Determine Website Reliability
For every trustworthy website, there is tons of information that's inaccurate, unreliable or just crazy. For the inexperienced journalist or researcher, such sites can 1 a wide range of possible problems. With that in mind, here are five ways to tell if a website is 2 .
● Look for Established Institutions
The internet is full of websites that were 3 five minutes ago. What you want are sites associated with 4 institutions that have been around for a while and have a proven track record of reliability. Such sites may include those run by government agencies, nonprofit organization or universities.
●Consult Sites withExpertise (专门知识)
You wouldn't go to the hospital to have your car repaired. This is an obvious point: 5 websites that specialize in the kind of information you're seeking. 6 , if you're writing a story on a flu outbreak, check out medical websites, such as The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
●7 Commercial Sites
Sites run by companies and business—their websites usually end in. com—are often trying to sell you something. And if they're trying to sell you something, chances are whatever information they're presenting will be tilted (偏向) 8 their product. That's not to say commercial sites should be 9 entirely. But be cautious.
●Check the 10
As a reporter, you need the most up-to-date information available, so if a website seems old, it's probably best to keep distance from it. One way to check: Look for a "last 11 " date on the page or site.
●Check the Links
Respected 12 often link to each other. You can find out which other websites link to the site you're researching by conducting a link-specific Google search. Enter the following text into the Google search field, 13 "[WEBSITE]" with the domain (域名) of the site you're researching: link: //www.[WEBSITE].com. For example, link: //www.baidu.com.
The search 14 will show you which websites link to the one you're researching. If lots of sites are linking to your site, and those sites seem reliable, that's a good 15 . Then it seems that you don't need to worry about them too much.
In 2008, a man who lived in Detroit named Jerrold Foke, whom everyone called "Uncle Jerrold", came up with an unusual idea. Foke had realized that for a long time, there had only been 26 letters in the English alphabet. He had referred to another alphabet, called the phonetic alphabet (音标字母表)—which is like an alphabet for sounds—and came across a symbol that aroused his interest. It looks like an upside-down, lowercase "e" ("ə") and represents the sound, "uh," like the noise you make when you're confused. It is called the "schwa." Foke thought it might be time for a new letter to be added.
Jerrold had a good reason for wanting to add a new letter to the English alphabet. He thought that if English got a new letter, then people might be able to make new words. He reasoned that if people made new words, they might be able to communicate better.
Jerrold began telling everyone he knew about the schwa. He requested that friends help him make new words using the schwa. People would use the schwa to make an "uh" sound in the word. His friends thought this was a pretty good idea.
Jerrold lived in a hotel in downtown Detroit. Every day, when he went down to the lobby (大厅) someone he knew would tell him a new word he'd made. In an effort to spread the schwa still farther, Jerrold began to spend some of his days standing in Campus Martius Plaza, with a sign that said "Have you heard about the schwa?" He liked to share some of the words he and his friends had made, and then invite these people to make their own schwa-based words. Some people did so enthusiastically, while others were more doubtful about the schwa's potential. When people asked Jerrold where the schwa should go in the alphabet, he'd always say, "In the front." When people asked him why, he'd say, "Because that's where it belongs."
Because of Jerrold's work, people were encouraged to make their own words, whether using the schwa or not. His goal of increasing communication between different people remained one that was greatly valued.
Throughout history, humans have come up with ways to entertain themselves using objects such as cards, counters, and boards. Over thousands of years, these have evolved (进化) into the games we know today, from traditional sets with simple rules and basic pieces, all the way to modern electronic consoles (see the picture attached on the right-hand side) with advanced technology and lifelike interactive graphics (图形).
Strategy game Chess Where Asia When c. 600 AD Many countries claim to have invented chess but one forerunner of the game appeared in India in the 7th century. Over the centuries chess has evolved and spread across the globe, becoming one of the most popular strategy games. It is played with two players who take turns to move 16 pieces to attack each other's king. The aim is to trap the king into checkmate (将死), so that it cannot move to safety. |
|
Card game Chinese playing cards Where China When 9th century AD The earliest known playing cards are believed to have originated in China during the Tang Dynasty, though how games with these cards were played is not known today. The modern pack of 52 playing cards, with ♥hearts, ♠spades, ♦diamonds, and ♣clubs, developed much later, in France during the 15th century. |
|
Word game Crossword Where US When 1913 The first crossword puzzle was published in the Sunday supplement (增刊) of the New York World newspaper. A series of written clues help the player complete a grid (方格) of horizontal and vertical missing words. Crosswords are not only entertaining, but also expand vocabulary and aid brain development. |
|
B . 
C . 
D . 
I started participating in student journalism when I was in high school. And when I started, I really just saw my articles as more fun versions of the academic essays I was writing every day in class. It wasn't really until an article I wrote in March 2020, that I really understood the power of expressing my voice through journalism, and the unique appeal and responsibility of being both a student and a journalist.
Most of the things reported on in student publications directly or indirectly affect the journalists writing about them. This differs from mainstream publications (刊物), who often have the privilege (特权) to objectively cover things that they have no connection with. Student journalists, on the other hand, often find themselves trying to put on a different "hat" when it comes to reporting, but in my eyes part of the magic of being a student journalist is that despite putting on a different "hat", it's still the same you.
We know what is important to report on because we are constantly surrounded by the student voice. An Irish Times or Independent reporter would never know about the burden of high rents, or why so many campus spaces are not accessible, or feel the fears of examination changes in light of artificial intelligence. Students know what students care about, and what issues aren't getting the attention they deserve.
I've always been drawn to comment articles, particularly because it's a place I feel my voice holds a special significance, and one where my words and my articles come together to represent me. Opinion pieces are unique, in that they are the only article format that doesn't have to be entirely objective. I, and many other comment writers I chat to, find this freeing. It's a relaxing experience to work out an important issue from your own viewpoint and even with your own frustration (挫败、失意) or praise, and it feels especially personal.
We need to protect student journalists, but we also need to expand the field we can cover in student journalism. The student voice is powerful because it is diverse, and it's critical to reflect their voice. The press also has an important role in defending itself. Freedom of information is one of the most sacred (神圣的) things we have, and one that we as students need to protect.
