A simple gesture can be formed into a child's memory so quickly that it will cause the child to give a false answer to a question accompanied by that gesture. A new finding suggests that parents, social workers, psychologists and lawyers should be careful with their hands as well as their words.
Gestures can be as informative as speech, but hand gestures are so common that we rarely notice we're using them.
While the recall of both adults and children are easy to react to suggestion, the memories of children are known to be particularly influenced，said lead researcher Sara Broaders of Northwestern University. Kids are used to looking to adults to tell events for them and can be misled even if not intentionally (故意地).
Previous research, for example, has shown that detail-loaded questions often cause false answers; when asked, say "Did you drink juice at the picnic?" the child is likely to say "yes" even if no juice had been available. It is not that the child is consciously lying, but rather the detail is quickly formed into his or her memory.
To avoid this problem, social workers have long been advised to ask children only open-ended questions, such as "What did you have at the picnic?" But an open-ended question paired with a gesture, briefly meaning a juice box, is treated like a detailed question. That is, children become likely to answer falsely.
And it isn't just a few kids: 77% of children gave at least one piece of false information when a detail was suggested by an ordinary gesture. Gestures may also become more popular when talking with non-fluent language users, such as little kids, Broaders said as hand movements can impart meaning of unfamiliar words and phrases. "It certainly seems reasonable that adults would gesture more with children."
In general, Broaders advises parents and other adults to "Try to be aware of your hands when questioning a child about an event. Otherwise, you might be getting answers that don't reflect what actually happened. "
Body language is quiet and secret and it is the most powerful language of all! It speaks louder than words. According to specialists, our bodies send out more 1than we realize. In fact, nonverbal communication takes up about 50% of what we really2. And body language is particularly 3 when we attempt to communicate across cultures. Indeed, what is called body language is so 4 a part of us that it's actually often unnoticed. And misunderstandings occur as a result of it. 5, different societies treat the distance between people differently. Northern Europeans usually do not like having 6 contact (接触)even with friends, and certainly not with 7. People from Latin American countries, 8, touch each other quite a lot. Therefore, it's possible that in 9, it may look like a Latino is 10 a Norwegian all over the room. The Latino, trying to express friendship, will keep moving closer. The Norwegian, very probably seeing this as pushiness, will keep 11—which the Latino will in return regard as 12.
Clearly, a great deal is going on when people 13. And only a part of it is in the words themselves. And when parties are from different cultures, there's a strong possibility of 14. But whatever the situation, the best 15 is to obey the golden rule: treat others as you would like to be treated.
Joyce is in the fourth grade and he joined the noisy children of his class as usual. "Children! Silence!" Mangat Madam suddenly entered the class. She announced next week would be math week. "I'd like each of you to work on a project. You could do it individually or in a group." she instructed. "The topic for the project needs approving tomorrow and it has to be displayed at the math week exhibition. The best project will be awarded and there is also a surprise gift from my side," she added.
Joyce, who is extremely good at math, sat in the corner seat of the first bench with Karan, an average. Karan asked Joyce if they could work on the math project together. Joyce replied in a prideful tone, "Ha-ha you want to join me. I think I will do the project on my own." Joyce wanted to get awarded and the surprise gift all for himself from Mangat Madam.
After deep consideration, Joyce decided to work on a math magic quiz on the circuit board（电路板）. The next day in school, Mangat Madam arrived in the classroom and all the children submitted their topics for math exhibition. They all chose to work in a group except Joyce. In the following days, Joyce gathered all the materials for the project such as wires, bulbs (灯泡), a switch and a thin plywood board (胶合板). He worked out a few mathematical basic operations to be fixed on the board so that when the wire of the circuit touched the right answer, the bulb glowed（发光）. Joyce completed the project and was happy with the result.
The evening before the exhibition, while packing his school bags, Joyce again checked the project to see if it was working fine. Alas! All the lights that were to glow did not seem to light at all. Without finding the reason, Joyce was tensed. However, he decided to take the same project to the school as he couldn't change the topic at the last minute. Then came the next day, and everybody was fascinated in the exhibition.
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It was Joyce's turn to display his project.
……
Finally, the teacher announced Karan's team was the winner.
