1. (2019·崇明模拟) The passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.

    The Earth is facing a climate crisis, but it's also getting greener and leafier. According to new research, the rise is largely due to China and India.

    A study by National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), based on extensive satellite photographs and published in the journal Nature Sustainability, has revealed that the two countries with the world's biggest populations are also responsible for the largest increase in greenness.

    Since 2000, the planet's green leaf area has increased by 5 percent, or over 2 million square miles. That's an area equivalent to the sum total of the Amazon rainforests, NASA says. But researchers stressed that the new greenery does not neutralize deforestation and its negative impacts on ecosystems elsewhere.

    A third of the leaf increase is thanks to China and India, due to the implementation of major tree-planting projects alongside a vast increase in agriculture.

    Using the data from a NASA sensor, researchers discovered that China is the source of a quarter of the increase in green leaf area, despite possessing only 6.6 percent of the world's vegetated area (植被区). Forests account for 42 percent of that increase, while croplands make up a further 32 percent. China's increase in forest area is the result of forest preservation and expansion programs, NASA said, established to fight against the impacts of climate change, air pollution and soil erosion (水土流失). India has contributed a further 6.8 percent rise in green leaf area, with 82 percent from croplands and 4.4 percent from forests.

    Rama Nemani, a co-author of the study and a researcher at NASA's Ames Research Center, said in a statement, "When the greening of the Earth was first observed, we thought it was due to a warmer, wetter climate and fertilization from the added carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, leading to more leaf growth in northern forests, for instance." "Now, with the data that lets us understand the phenomenon at really small scales, we see that humans are also contributing," Nemani said. "This will help scientists make better predictions about the behavior of different Earth systems, which will help countries make better decisions about how and when to take action."

    Thomas Pugh, a professor at the University of Birmingham's School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, said the NASA report expands scientists' understanding of the causes behind global greening. But he also cautioned that a direct line cannot be drawn between an increase in global greening and a decrease in negative impacts of climate change.

1. （1） The passage mainly tells us that     .

   A . China and India have the world's largest green leaf areas B . China and India are the lead role players in global greening C . our planet is experiencing a climate crisis despite human efforts D . our planet is getting greener due to the joint efforts of the world
3. （2） What can be learned about China and India?

   A . The area of croplands in India is larger than that in China. B . India's rise in leaf area is largely due to its forestry program. C . They both show a greater increase in forests than in croplands. D . China boasts twenty-five percent of the global rise in leaf area.
5. （3） According to Rama Nemani, their new findings are     .

   A . unexpected but significant B . surprising but valueless C . predictable but disappointing D . uncontrollable but inspiring
7. （4） What can be inferred from the passage?

   A . There is an indirect link between global greening and climate change. B . The new greenery does not have any positive effect on the global climate. C . The gain in greenness does not make up for the damage from loss of leaf area. D . The increase in greening reduces the deforestation rate and its impact globally.