1. (2019高三上·苏州开学考) 阅读理解

    In the classic marriage vow (誓约), couples promise to stay together in sickness and in health. But a new study finds that the risk of divorce among older couples rises when the wife－not the husband－becomes seriously ill.

    "Married women diagnosed with a serious health condition may find themselves struggling with the impact of their disease while also experiencing the stress of divorce." said researched Amelia Karraker.

    Karraker and co-author Kenzie Latham analyzed 20 years of data on 2,717 marriages from a study conducted by Indiana University since 1992. At the time of the first interview, at least one of the partners was over the age of 50.

    The researchers examined how the onset (发生) of four serious physical illnesses affected marriages. They found that, overall, 31% of marriages ended in divorce over the period studied. The incidence of new chronic (慢性的) illness onset increased over time as well, with more husbands than wives developing serious health problems.

    "We found that women are doubly weak when their marriage breaks up in the face of illness," Karraker said. "They're more likely to be widowed, and if they're the ones who become ill, they're more likely to get divorced."

    While the study didn't assess why divorce is more likely when wives but not husbands become seriously ill, Karraker offers a few possible reasons. "Gender roles and social expectations about caregiving may make it more difficult for men to provide care to sick spouses." Karraker said. "And because of the imbalance in marriage markets, especially in older ages, divorced men have more choices among potential partners than divorced women."

    Given the increasing concern about health care costs for the aging population, Karraker believes policymakers should be aware of the relationship between disease and risk of divorce.

    "Offering support services to spouses caring for their other halves may reduce martial stress and prevent divorce at older ages." she said. "But it's also important to recognize that the pressure to divorce may be health-related and that sick ex-wives may need additional care and services to prevent worsening health and increased health costs."

1. （1） What can we learn about marriage vows from the passage?

   A . They can help couples get through hard times. B . They are not taken seriously any more. C . They are as binding as they used to be. D . They may not guarantee a lasting marriage.
3. （2） What did Karraker and co-author Kenzie Latham find about elderly husbands?

   A . They can develop different kinds of illness just like their wives. B . They are more likely to get serious illness than their wives. C . They are generally not good at taking care of themselves. D . They are more likely to be divorced in the face of illness.
5. （3） Why is it more difficult for men to take care of their sick spouses according to Karraker?

   A . They think it more urgent to take on their social role. B . They find it much easier to find another partner. C . They are more accustomed to receiving care. D . They expect society to do more of the job.