Research (identify) two main ways in which we learn a foreign language since the 1950s. Firstly, experts talk of us acquiring language. This means same as picking up language. They say that to learn a foreign language successfully, we need lots of (expose) to it and that we learn when we (surround) by language. We need to hear and read language which is rich in variety, interesting to us and just difficult enough for us (for example, just beyond our level) not too difficult. Acquisition then takes place over a period of time without our (realize) that we are learning. Secondly, experts believe that to learn language successfully, we need to use it to interact other people. We need to use language to express (we) and make our meanings clear to them, and to understand them. The person we are talking to will let us know, directly or indirectly, if they have understood us or not. If they have not understood, we need to try again, using other language until we manage to communicate (effective). It is this process of struggling to make meaning clear helps learners experiment with language and try out structures and vocabulary they have already learnt to see if they help them get their message across.
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