1. (2023高一下·深圳期中) 阅读理解

Have you ever been in mid-conversation with someone, when you look over and find them standing in the same position as you or holding the same facial expression? It may seem like they have consciously (有意识地) copied you, but it is much more likely that it is the chameleon (变色龙) effect at play.

The chameleon effect is the unconscious imitation (模仿) of another person's gestures or behaviour. Just as a chameleon attempts to match any environment's colours, people acquire the behaviour of others to bring them closer together and help make their interactions smooth.

The chameleon effect was confirmed in an experiment by psychologists John Bargh and Tanya Chartrand in 1999. The first part of their experiment included 78 people, who each spoke with an experimenter. During the test, Bargh and Chartrand studied whether participants would copy the actions of someone they hadn't met before, like moving the foot and touching the face. The second part measured the impact that copying someone has on the person being imitated.

In the first stage, participants increased their face touching by 20% and their foot movement by 50% while in conversation about a photograph with the experimenter. The individuals weren't aware of what they were being studied for, and the photograph was used to catch their attention to ensure unconscious acts. The second stage involved half of the participants being copied, and then rating the likeability of the experimenter. The results showed that those who were imitated scored the experimenter higher. It has shown that when someone copies our behaviour, we develop more positive feelings about them. These interactions could be a person unconsciously willing to be liked, and forming a moment of connection.

The main reasons behind humans' imitation are positive. However, when people carry this chameleon effect to the extreme, they can lose their sense of self. Those who change their entire personalities in different groups often go undetected. But more common signs of the chameleon effect are easier to notice. Next time you are in a social gathering, take a look around and you might just see some chameleons for yourself.

1. （1） Why do people acquire others' behavior?

   A . To match the environment's colour. B . To attract others' attention. C . To establish a connection with others. D . To adapt to the surroundings.
3. （2） How did the experimenter guarantee participants' unconscious behaviors?

   A . By directing their attention to a photo. B . By keeping a close eye on their actions. C . By telling them the purpose of the study. D . By evaluating the impacts of their imitation.
5. （3） What conclusion can be drawn from the experiment?

   A . Too much of the chameleon effect can be beneficial. B . People tend to like those who imitate their behavior. C . People imitating others are not easy to be detected. D . The copied movements help people to feel relaxed.
7. （4） Which of the following shows the chameleon effect according to the passage?

   A . A comedian copies a celebrity vividly on stage. B . Students adopt teachers' accents for fun after class. C . People change their habits to please others on purpose. D . A husband and his wife share similar behaviors over time.