1. (2023高二下·金华期中) 阅读理解

Of the 8,300 million tons of virgin (原始的) plastic produced up to the end of 2015, 6,300 million tons have been discarded (丢弃). Most of that plastic waste is still with us, buried in landfills or polluting the environment. Microplastics have been found in Antarctic sea ice, in the guts of animals that live in the deepest ocean trenches and in drinking water around the world.

But what if we could wave a magic wand and remove all plastics from our lives? For the sake of the planet, it would be a tempting prospect — but we'd quickly find out just how far plastic has spread to every aspect of our existence.

In hospitals, the loss of plastic would be devastating. "Imagine trying to run a dialysis (透析) unit with no plastic", says Sharon George, senior lecturer in environmental sustainability and green technology at Keele University in the UK. Plastic is used in gloves, tubing, blood bags, sample tubes and more.

Some everyday plastic items are also vital for protecting health. Face masks, including plastic-based surgical masks and respirators (人工呼吸器), as well as reusable cloth masks, have helped slow the spread of the COVID-19 virus. "A mask that you have for COVID is related to our safety and the safety of others," says George. "The impact of taking that away could be loss of life if you took it away on a big scale."

Our food system would also quickly come apart. We use packaging to protect food from damage in transit and preserve it long enough to reach supermarket shelves, as well as for communication and marketing. "I cannot imagine how plastic would be replaced completely in our system," says Eleni Iacovidou, a lecturer in environmental management at Brunel University London.

Swapping out plastic packaging would have knock-on (产生连锁反应的) environmental effects. While glass has some advantages over plastic, such as being endlessly recyclable, a one-liter glass bottle can weigh as much as 800 g compared to a 40 g plastic one. When those heavier bottles and jars need to be transported over long distances, carbon emissions grow even more.

It's clear that replacing one material with another won't solve all our plastic problems.

1. （1） What is the purpose of the first paragraph?

   A . To give a definition. B . To report on a study. C . To introduce a topic. D . To describe a phenomenon.
3. （2） What does the underlined word "devastating" in Paragraph 3 most probably mean?

   A . Interesting. B . Practical. C . Predictable. D . Destructive.
5. （3） What is Eleni Iacovidou's attitude toward removing plastic totally in food system?

   A . Doubtful. B . Supportive. C . Optimistic. D . Uninterested.
7. （4） Which would be the best title for the text?

   A . What if we stopped using plastic? B . Is plastic packaging bad for the environment? C . More recycling won't solve plastic pollution D . Swapping out plastic for sustainable living