1. (2023高二下·天津月考) 阅读理解

It is widely accepted that the adoption of electric vehicles will help reduce carbon emission greatly as we fight climate change, but there are still problems to solve before they are fully adopted. One of the biggest hurdles to the full adoption of electric vehicles is the lack of charging infrastructure (充电基础设施) across the U. S. Now, more than 50 power companies in the U. S. have joined forces to create the National Electric Highway Coalition (NEHC), which plans to build a coast-to-coast fast charging network by the end of 2023.

The Edison Electric Institute has announced the formation of the National Electric Highway Coalition, which includes 50 EEI members, Midwest Energy Inc., and the Tennessee Valley Authority.

"EEI and our member companies are leading the clean energy transformation, and electric transportation is key to reducing carbon emission across our economy," said EEI President Tom Kuhn in a statement. "With the formation of the National Electric Highway Coalition, we are committed to investing in and providing more charging infrastructures necessary to promote electric vehicle growth and to help relieve customers' anxiety."

"The auto industry is committed to vehicle electrification and will invest over $330 billion in the technology by 2025. Additionally, a record number of EV models are expected to be available in this time frame," said Alliance for Automotive Innovation President and CEO John Bozzella in a statement. "More importantly, this latest announcement by the Edison Electric Institute is one more step to furthering the adoption of EVs."

To date, EEI's member companies have invested more than $3 billion in projects to improve the EV charging infrastructure. EEI estimates that the U. S. will need more than 100, 000 EV fast charging ports to support the expected 22 million EVs that will be on the road in 2030. "This, however, is only one piece of the puzzle. Dealing with issues such as grid resiliency (电力网弹性), energy demands for charging, and equitable rollout (展示) of charging infrastructure will be an important and necessary part of a successful future of EVs," said Tom Kuhn.

With nearly every major automaker announcing plans to change their lineups to fully electric vehicles, the EV charging network needs to be improved greatly.

1. （1） What does the underlined word "hurdles" in Paragraph 1 probably mean?

   A . Advantages B . Competitions C . Difficulties D . Results
3. （2） What might be the results of the adoption of more charging infrastructures according to the passage?

   a. Worsening air pollution

   b. Encouraging people to purchase EVs

   c. Reducing a gas shortage

   d. Relieving people's anxiety

   A . ab B . bc C . ac D . bd
5. （3） What can be inferred from the announcement by the Edison Electric Institute in Para. 4?

   A . John Bozzella is positive about the announcement. B . The announcement is well received around the world. C . The announcement has disadvantages and advantages. D . The announcement encourages more members to join the NEH
7. （4） What does Tom Kuhn want to say in Para. 5?

   A . EVs will replace petrol cars soon nationwide. B . There are still many problems to solve as for the full adoption of EVS. C . More than 100,000 EV charging infrastructures have been in use in America. D . It is difficult to deal with the problems brought by the charging infrastructures.
9. （5） Which of the following would be the best title for the text?

   A . Power Companies Plan to Produce More EVS. B . Electric vehicles are Changing Transport Means. C . The First Fast Charging Network is Coming by the End of 2023 D . US Power Companies Plan Coast-to-Coast EV Charging Networks