1. (2022高一下·上海期中) Read the following passage and choose the most suitable sentence from A -F for each blank. There are two extra sentences which you do not need.

A. Actions of this sort are usually forgiven by most people. B. White lies for most cases cause unexpected negative results. C. Many people are just cheating themselves believing their lies are morally acceptable. D. There's no denying that lying can be seen as a threat to civil society. E. Such kind of lying in daily life shows all the people's ignorance. F. Actually, plenty of aspects of our culture are ways of "masking" how certain things appear.

Is lying ever morally acceptable? However, there seem to be several instances in which lying seems the most moral choice. Besides, if a broad definition of "lying" is adopted, it seems completely impossible to escape lies.

According to authors such as Kant, a society that accepts lies is a society in which trust is destroyed. And the sense of collectivity is also harmed. However, A less questionable sort of cases in which lying is accepted includes so-called "white lies." In some circumstances, it seems better to tell a small lie than having someone worrying unnecessarily, or becoming sad. People accept these cases in terms of their results.

Some favourable attitudes toward lying come from the consideration of more dramatic situations. Consider the situation in which someone is angered, out of control, and asks you where she can find a friend of yours so that she can kill that friend. You know where the friend is and lying will help the angry lady calm down. Should you tell the truth? Once you start thinking about it, there are plenty of circumstances where lying seems to be morally excusable.

But who is to say whether the situation is qualified to excuse you from lying? There are plenty of circumstances in which humans seem to convince themselves of being able to be excused from lying. But in the eyes of their peers, they actually are not.

Today, many cases of lying may be seen as the outcome of self-cheating, perhaps a subconscious one.  Besides, once we broaden our definition for what a lie may be, we come to   see that lies are deeply-seated in our society. Clothing, makeup, plastic surgeries are all topics for discussion.

And people unhesitatingly accept them, or even welcome them.

Therefore, before you criticize lying, think again.