1. (2023高二下·江苏月考)  阅读理解

The term "seal" is often used to refer to both seals and sea lions, but there are several characteristics that set seals and sea lions apart.

Seals and sea lions are both in the order Carnivora and suborder Pinnipedia, thus they are called "pinnipeds." Pinnipeds are mammals that are well-adapted for swimming. They usually have a streamlined barrel shape (桶形) and four flippers at the end of each limb (四肢). They also give birth to live young and nurse their young. Pinnipeds are protected by a thick layer of fat under their skin and fur to keep them warm in water. There are three families of pinnipeds: the Phocidae, the earless or true seals; the Otariidae, the eared seals, and the Odobenidae, the walruses.

Characteristics of Phocidae (Earless or True Seals)

Earless seals have no visible ear flaps, although they still have ears, which may be visible as a dark spot or small hole on the side of their head.

"True" seals:

□Have no external ear flaps.

□Swim with their hind flippers. Their hind flippers always face backward and are furred.

□Have front flippers that are short, furry and thick in appearance.

□Can be found in both marine and freshwater environments.

Characteristics of Otariidae (Eared Seals, Including Fur Seals and Sea Lions)

One of the most noticeable features of eared seals is their ears, but they also move around differently than true seals.

Eared seals:

□Have external ear flaps.

□Are only found in marine environments.

□Swim with their front flippers. Unlike earless seals, their hind flippers can turn forward, and they are able to walk, and even run, on their flippers. The "seals" you may see performing at marine parks are often sea lions.

□May gather in larger groups than true seals. Sea lions are much more vocal than true seals, and make a variety of loud, barking noises.

Characteristics of Walruses

Wondering about walruses, and how they differ from seals and sea lions? Walruses are pinnipeds, but they are in the family, Odobenidae. One obvious difference between walruses, seals and sea lions is that walruses are the only pinnipeds with tusks—a pair of long pointed teeth. These tusks are present in both males and females.

Other than tusks, walruses have some similarities to both seals and sea lions. Like true seals, walruses don't have visible ear flaps. But, like eared seals, walruses can walk on their flippers by rotating their hind flippers under their body.

1. （1） According to the passage, which of the following statements about pinnipeds is true?

   A . Pinnipeds are good swimmers. B . Pinnipeds are afraid of cold weather. C . Pinnipeds are of the Phocidae family. D . Seals and sea lions are pinnipeds, while walruses are not.
3. （2） One way to distinguish a sea lion and a true seal is that ____.

   A . the sea lion cannot play ball B . the true seal cannot hear well C . the sea lion doesn't have ear flaps D . the true seal can't walk with hind flippers
5. （3） Which of the following picture best illustrates a walrus?

   A . B . C . D .