1. (2023九上·上海市月考)  C. Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words. (在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺。每空格限填一词，首字母已给)（14分）

Different people may find that different learning methods work best for them. While some would turn to tutoring in order to get better grades, others choose to join study groups. In fact, many universities e their students to form study groups and make good use of them. 

"Two heads are better than one. " That' s the simple idea b study groups. By participating in a study group, students can benefit from some of their best academic r : other students. They get to pick each other' s brains and improve their own understanding of different problems. Moreover, study groups can create the s tense atmosphere in which it' s good to study. For example, some students tend to procrastinate (拖延) when they are studying by themselves; however, by joining a study group, they get to observe their peers who are working diligently and are likely to thus have motivation for working harder.

Study groups work best when they are small, but not too small—four to five participants is about right. And it' s necessary to make sure everyone has the same g , to prepare for a particular test, to discuss class readings or to review the week' s lecture notes. Besides, socializing in the group would make studying more fun as long as it took up only a small portion of group study time.

In addition, to maximize the e , some study groups like to assign members certain roles, and thus efficiency will be promoted. Besides an organizer, who gets group members to agree to a common purpose and a convenient time and place, there often is a group member playing the role of a source-seeker, whose duty is to remind group members to identify their sources. For instance, when a group member says "I read somewhere that . . . , " the source-seeker should ask for specifics. This person reminds the group that it' s important to know who said what and where it was said. And a gatekeeper, who tries to make sure that all group members are participating, may ask a d question to help a shy person participate, or find a way to get a dominating member to listen.