1. (2023高三上·辉南月考)  阅读理解

After a day's labor, Andreas Fichtner and his colleagues have spliced (绞接) together three segments of fibers, creating a 12.5-kilometer-long fiber-optic (光学的) cable. It will stay buried in the snow to spy on the activity of Grfmsvotn, a dangerous, glacier-covered volcano.

Fichtner, a geophysicist at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, in Zurich, is one of the researchers using fiber optics to take the pulse of our planet. Much of their work is done in remote places, from the tops of volcanoes to the bottoms of seas, where traditional monitoring is too costly or difficult.

The technique used by Fichtner's team is called distributed acoustic sensing, or DAS. "It's almost like radar in the fiber," says the physicist Giuseppe Marra of the United Kingdom's National Physical Laboratory, in Teddington. While radar uses reflected radio waves to locate objects, DAS uses reflected light to detect events as varied as earthquake activity and moving traffic, and to determine where they occurred. Inside the cables are optical fibers. DAS involves shooting quick pulses of laser light down the fiber and detecting bits of light that scatter back to the laser source due to disturbances in the environment. When the earth's surface vibrates and shifts, it pulls the cables, so a detector can identify these small changes.

The New York Times points out that although wireless and satellite technology are booming, good old-fashioned cables are still the most efficient way to send information across oceans. Repurposing cables could give scientists the ability to monitor high-risk zones that were previously hard to reach. They could help detect earthquakes and tsunamis a few seconds earlier than traditional warning systems.

In addition, fiber-optic cables could also help solve some of the biggest challenges for humans. In the recent years, scientists have started to use them to measure ocean waves and access fault (断层) information. It is believed that fiber-optic cables will serve to benefit us greatly in the future.

1. （1） What is the purpose of the work of Fichtner's team?

   A . To track volcanic activities. B . To strike oil under the sea. C . To lengthen fiber-optic cables. D . To keep fibers covered in the snow.
3. （2） What can we learn about the technique of DAS?

   A . It determines when and where disasters occurs. B . It uses radio waves to locate moving objects. C . It improves the efficiency of transmitting light. D . It detects tiny variation of the earth's surface.
5. （3） What does the underlined expression "Repurposing cables" probably mean?

   A . Recycling cables in new fields. B . Adapting cables for a new function. C . Installing cables beneath volcanoes. D . Promoting cables into massive production.
7. （4） What is the best title for the text?

   A . DAS Is Feeling the Heartbeat of Volcanoes B . Satellite Technology Is Booming in Our Times C . Underground Cables Are Taking the Planet's Pulse D . Fiber-optic Cables Are Giving Us Insights into Earthquakes