四川省历年中考真题分类汇编：任务型阅读（信息回填）

The Arctic is home to over 21, 000 kinds of animals and plants. Two thirds of it is the Arctic Ocean. In winter, it is completely covered with sea ice. In summer, nearly 50 percent of the se is ice.

It's also home to about 4 million people, a group of whom are Inuit. Jim is an Inuit boy. At 6:30 am, he wakes up and gets ready to go to school in his fur coat. It keeps him warm in the freezing weather. Half an hour later, he gets to school on a ski or snowmobile. Some of his friends go by car instead. At 11:30 am, it's time for lunch. There's fish and other meat in his lunchbox. He sometimes eats them uncooked. These foods give him enough energy. Besides local food, some people eat Western food. At 5:00 pm, the snow outside makes everything bright, so he wears snow goggles on his way back home, or his eyes may be hurt badly by the strong light. From December to March, the sun never rises. However, it always shines in the sky during the summer. At 10:00 pm, he goes to bed. Sometimes he stays in an ice house called igloo. I looks cold but it's warm inside. Many local people live in houses made of wood.

The Inuit mainly make a living by hunting and fishing. Now, their life is greatly influenced by climate (气候) change. For example, many animals they hunt for food are disappearing. There is less food for the reindeer they keep, too. They face more terrible weather, such as snowstorms. Hunting becomes more dangerous. Hunters may accidentally fall into water if the ice becomes too thin. Actually, the temperature in the Arctic is 18℃ higher than it was 125 years ago. All Arctic ice may disappear during the summer in less than 100 years.

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Do you like reading? It is very important for us to learn or study through reading. But now many students say they don't have enough time to read. So we need some skills to help read more in less time while we are doing some reading in class. Here are two skills that I think are very good.

Preview(预读)—if your article is long as well as difficult, such as long magazine articles or science reports, previewing is very useful for you to get a general idea.

Here is how to preview.

●Read the first two paragraphs and the last two paragraphs carefully.

●Then read only the first sentence of the other paragraphs.

Of course you can't get all the details by previewing. It tells you not to spend time on things you don't really want or need to read.

Skim(浏览)—if your article is short and simple, like popular magazines or the sports of your daily paper, skimming is a good way to get a main idea. Here's how to skim.

●Get your eyes to move fast. Sweep across each line.

●Pick up only a few key words in each line

Everybody skims differently.  You and I may not pick up the same words when we skim the same passage, but perhaps we'll get the idea of what it's all about.

I wish all of us could read more books and enjoy reading every day!

We live in a world with many kinds of people. We want to get along well with others. We also want to be liked by others. The following ways will make others like you.

Smile to others as often as possible

This is a simple way to make a good first impression. Your smile is a sign of kindness. When someone feels stressed from his or her teachers or parents, your smile is like the sun breaking through the clouds. Your smile can help him or her realize that all is filled with hopes and there is still joy in the world.

Laugh at yourself

Sometimes you can even laugh at yourself. Laughing at someone else may hurt their feelings even if you don't mean to, while laughing at yourself does not. You might even bring a smile to their faces. It shows that you dare to do so and you're being real about your imperfections. Laugh a yourself and you will be more attractive.

Remember a person's name

If you don't do this, you are getting into trouble. A person's name is the sweetest and the most important sound in any language. We should realize the magic in a name. The name makes the person different from others. It makes him or her special among others. If you remember a person's name, the relationship between both of you will become even closer.

Become really interested in other people

Do this and you'll be welcome anywhere. A show of interest must be true. It brings good results not only to the person showing the interest, but also to the person receiving the attention, it is a two- way street—both of you get an advantage.

Become a good listener and talker

When people are sad or angry, they want to express how they feel, you need to listen silently first until hey get calm. We should learn to listen with our ears, eyes and heats as much as we can. Then, ask questions that they like to answer. Next, encourage them to talk about themselves and their achievements. It is a god way to help them out.

    You might think the largest library in the world would be in Europe. But it isn't. It's in Washington, D. C. It's called the Library of Congress.

    President John Adams started the library in 1800 for members of Congress. He wanted them to be able to read books about law. The first 740 books were bought in England. They were simply set up in the room where Congress met. Then Thomas Jefferson sold Congress may of his own books. He felt Congress should have books on all subjects, not just on law. This idea changed the library fundamentally.

    The library grew and grew. Now it covers acres of land. It has 20 million books as well as scores of pictures, movies, globes and machines. Experts in every field work there. Hundreds of people call every day with all kinds of questions. Many of them get answers right over the phone.

    The library is a huge storehouse. Thomas Edison's first movie and Harry Houdini's magic books reside there. And it is the proud owner of the world's best collection of comic books.

    Trees are one of the oldest "citizens" of our earth. They keep our air clean, reduce noise pollution, improve water quality and provide food and building materials.

    Just like us, trees change a lot as they grow. At 1 to 3 years old, young trees learn how to grow up safely. For example, many trees grow thorns to warn animals not to go near. Most young trees have large, deep green leaves so that they can catch enough sunlight and change it into their food and energy.

    When trees are 4 years old, they begin to grow very rapidly and become strong enough to face challenges later in life. At the age of 15, trees become young adults. They grow more slowly and begin to produce flowers and fruit.

    It is not until the tree is 20 to 25 years old that it becomes a real adult. The tree reaches its largest size. The adult tree gives us shade, oxygen and natural beauty. It is also a great place for a tree house, or a place for us to read a book, listen to music and so on. If we give the adult tree proper care, it will go on to live healthily for many years.

    Gradually, trees begin to grow older and older and even die. At this time, they still have their important place in nature. When a tree becomes hollow or part of it becomes dead, it provides a home for small animals and is a source of food for many other animals.

    In many ways, the life of a tree is similar to our own life experience. When we are looking at the life of a tree, we learn that each period of life brings its own form of joy and challenge. Enjoy every minute of the life of the trees and look after the trees!

Theof a Tree

    When I was a teenager growing up in a town, I felt studying very boring, I wanted to leave school and have my own life. There were only two ways for me to do this—working in the toy factory in my town, or getting married. I chose the first one. I was nervous when I told my father that I wanted to leave school. I thought he would say, "No! You are going to college." Instead, he surprised me when he said, "OK. We'll go to the toy factory."

    Two days later, he took me to the factory. I had a very romantic idea of working in a factory. I had imagined everyone to be friendly working together and having fun. I even imagined there would be music and singing. I guess I had watched too many movies as a teenager.  

    When we arrived at the factory gates, my father spoke to the guard and one minute later we went inside. My father said, "Take your time. Look around." I walked around the factory, looking at the buildings, the workers, and listening to the noise. It was terrible. I ran back to my father and said, "I want to go home."

    He asked me, "What do you think of the factory?"

    "It's terrible." I replied.

    "You have the other choice if you don't want to go back to school. But I think getting married is even worse!" he said.

    I went back to school the next day. From then on, I studied as hard as I could. Finally I got into a good college. I enjoyed studying English, so I decided to major in languages at college. Thanks to my father and our trip to the factory, now I work in a company which is a big one in a city. And my father takes pride in me. I married a very good man and my life is much better than it would have been working in the factory!

A  to a factory with my father

    On March 31", 2019, a wildfire in Liangshan Yi autonomous prefecture(凉山彝族自治州)led to 31 deaths, including 27 firefighters. And on May 1st, 2016, in Alberta, Canada, a wildfire destroyed an area of nearly 700 square miles. More than 88, 000 people had to leave their homes and thousands of homes were destroyed.

    Wildfires are unexpected, unplanned. And the cause of most wildfires is unsure. To bum, wildfires require the right conditions—fuel, oxygen and heat. And global warring is one of the most important reasons. The high temperatures and dry conditions make the fire spread quickly.

    In many parts of the world, wildfires happen naturally. They are started by lighting(闪电)or some other special weather conditions. In recent years, there have been more wildfires because of dry, hot weather, and changeable weather patterns because of global warning.

    However, many fires are started by people. Sometimes, people clear land for farming. Besides, there are smokers who accidentally set fires.

Wildfires can cause a lot of smoke, which will pollute the air. Lots of lives, property(财产)and valuable forests will soon disappear in wildfires. When trees are burnt down, and heavy rain follows, more disasters such as terrible floods will happen.

    One of the biggest mistakes a person can make is to try not to make mistakes. As you make decisions in your life, you will very likely make some mistakes. But making mistakes is a big part of how you gain(获得) experience.

    A simple example. You do poorly on a test because you didn't study hard enough. One bad test is not the end of the world, but it can quickly teach you that if you don't study, you won't do well.

    Mistakes sometimes lead to arguments(争论) between people.  But if you learn to understand things from another person's point of view, you will be able to learn very quickly from the mistakes you make and the mistakes you think other people have made. You can turn mistakes into opportunities(机会) .

    For example, if you learn to understand others' feelings and problems, you will understand the people you work with much better instead of getting angry. And you will learn to talk about problems and be more patient with people you don't agree with—a friend, or a mate in your workroom or company.

    So next time you think you've made a mistake, stop and ask yourself what you've learned from it, and what you will do differently in the future.

    Show me the person in the room who has made a lot of mistakes, and I'll show you the person who has probably learned a lot.

    There are many libraries in Britain. Let's learn something about them.

Public libraries

    Most towns in Britain have a public library. A library usually has a large selection of books and other resources, which library members can use and borrow for free.

    Britain's First Public Library

    The first Britain's public library opened in Manchester in 1852. Its first librarian was a man called Edward Edwards. Edwards attended the library's opening ceremony and two famous writers called Charles Dickens and William Thackeray were there, too.

    Services of library

    Modern public libraries have something for everyone. Most of them have audio books, CDs, newspapers and DVDs as well as books to borrow.

    How to Join a Library

    To join a library, go to your local library and fill in a form. You'll receive a library card which is needed when using library services.

    Mobile Libraries

    Not everyone can get to a library. Some people live far away from towns and cities. Other people find it difficult to go out because they have an illness or a disability. Thanks to mobile libraries, these people can still borrow books.

    The libraries are special. Unlike most libraries, which store books in buildings, mobile libraries usually keep their books in a mini-bus. The back of the mini-bus has shelves for the books, and it is big enough for borrowers to step inside and look around. A driver take the mini-bus to a certain place at a certain time, so people know when to expect it. They can return their books and borrow some more.

    All Aboard the Library!

    A school in London didn't have space for a library inside the building. However, everybody agreed that it was still important to have a school library. So, the head of the school, Graham Blake, decided to park an old bus on the school car park and change it into a library. Pupils helped to paint the bus, and after eight months, the new library was ready.

You can read up your favorite skateboard star, email or test your friends. You can do a lot of wonderful things online. That's why the Internet is amazing! If you're a kid who like to have fun and chat with friends online, here're the things you need to watch carefully in order to stay safe and avoid problems.

Not all websites are safe for students. Luckily, your parents can guide you to some websites. And you can also visit the websites your teachers suggest. Stick to these sale websites and don't go out to try something new. Some websites don't allow kids under a certain age to visit them. You may find it inviting and fun to lie about your age. It's safer to tell the truth and avoid those websites until you're older.

The loss of Internet ID can cause big problems. So it is important to make your Internet ID safe. If someone can get on the Internet in your username, you have no control over what they do or say. And everyone will think it's you! So don't ever let anyone know your username for the Internet. And don't share your passwords with anyone except your parents.

Take good care of your private information. Never tell an online stranger where you live. Your address can make it much easier for bad people to find you. Your phone number is another important piece of personal information. Once it's out online, it can bring you a lot of trouble. Many online cheatings are carried out with the help of people's phone numbers. Your parents' names are also private information. It is risky if they are let out online.

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Confucius' life and thought

    Confucius(551—479 BC)was a great thinker and teacher in the Spring and Autumn Period of China. He was born in Qufu, capital of the state of Lu (part of Shandong). He acted as an official (官员）there. But he was perhaps a better thinker than he was an official and he ended up having to leave the state of Lu. He spent 13 years travelling around the other states, spreading his ideas. And he tried to teach people that peace was very important for a healthy society. However, it was not until the rule of Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty (156-87 BC)that his ideas were finally put into practice. In his last few years, he returned to Qufu where he spent the rest of his life teaching. His teachings were recorded by his followers in a book called Lunyu.

    Confucius' teachings formed the base of Chinese thought. Confucius thought everyone should develop virtues (美德) and always do the right thing. Confucius' thought is considered to have been the necessity of Eastern thought.

    To help people understand how to behave towards others, he taught five virtues accepted by all Chinese. They are ren (kindness, charity), yi (fairness), li (ceremony, tradition), zhi (knowledge), and xin (trust). Another virtue is xiao. Xiao is the duties a person has to their parents. It means loving, respecting, obeying (服从), and taking care of one's parents in their old age. Xiao forms the base of a peaceful society. And he is the final goal according to his thought. It means social peace.

    Here's one of Confucius' famous sayings, "Do not do to others as you do not wish to be done to you." Another saying of his is" In the company of two others, I can always find one worthy of being my teacher. "

    It is clear that Confucius' thought will continue to be a necessary part of Chinese culture. And it will continue to do something good to the development of China and even the whole world.

    The Grand Canyon(科罗拉多大峡谷) is a large river canyon in Arizona. It is over220 miles long and over a mile deep in some places. Its widest point is 18 miles wide. The canyon is considered one of the Seven Natural Wonders of the World.

    Over millions of years, the Colorado River wore away rocks as it passed through the area. Slowly, the river made the path deeper and deeper. Now, the canyon is surrounded by steep walls on either side, while the river continues to flow at the bottom of the canyon.

    Besides its large size, the Grand Canyon is also known for its magnificent colors. The canyon is made of layers of rock(岩层), and each layer of rock has a different depth and color. Geologists have identified almost 40 different layers of rock exposed by the rivers erosion.

    The climate in canyon area is primarily desert, with both high and low temperatures. The upper rims of the canyon often receive snowfall. The air quality is usually very high, although dust storms and smoke from fires can change the air.

    The Grand Canyon is home to a variety of plants and animals. Plants range from various species of cactuto pine forests. Many types of animals live in the area, including the bald eagle, bobcats, bats and gila monsters. Six different kinds of rattlesnakes have been found in the area.

    Today, the canyon is part of the Grand Canyon National Park. About five million tourists visit the park each year.

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    In 30 years from now, what will we eat? Will the food still be the same as it is now?

The United Nations says that there will be over 9 billion people in the world by 2050. Our food needs will grow by 70%. What we eat now may not be enough for humans in the future. That is to say, we'll have to turn to something else. But what else can we eat? Here are a few possible choices.

    Veggie (Vegetable) meat

    A new kind of hamburger is now popular in the US. It looks the same as any other hamburger, and so is the taste. But it's actually a "beef" burger made out of plants. The company behind the burger, Impossible Foods, uses peas and potatoes to make the "beef". They take coloring, protein (蛋白质) and fats from these plants and mix them together.

    Making meat out of plants uses less water and land than raising animals for meat. It also creates fewer green house gases. Some food companies are making chicken, pork and other meat out of plants, too-follow the same steps as making the "beef".

    Insects

    Insects take up little space and don't make much waste. They also have more protein than beef, chicken and pork. This makes insects another possible food of the future.

    It's common for people in some places to eat whole insects. But most people probably won't want to see the insects they eat. So in the future, people will first turn insects used for food into powder (粉末). Then they can use the powder to make other foods like chips, protein bars, biscuits and so on.

    Algae

    The BBC says algae farming could become the world's biggest farming industry in the future. They point out that algae is cheap and grows very quickly. Also, it's very nutritious (有营养的). It has much more protein and oil than many other plants.

    Besides eating algae as a dish on its own, people may also use algae oil and algae butter in the future. Some algae has a strong taste. The UK scientists are trying to use algae to take the place of salt.

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