牛津译林版（2019）必修第二册 Unit 2 Be spo...

Keeping a positive attitude towards life .

In my family, my mother is always .

I don't know .

We're comfortable .

, you'd better keep this card at hand.

All over the world people enjoy sports. Sports help to keep people healthy and happy, and to live longer. Many people like to watch others play games. They buy tickets or turn on their TVs to watch the games. Often they get very excited when "their" player or team wins.

Some sports are so interesting that people everywhere go in for them. Football, for example, has spread around the world. Swimming is popular in all countries near the sea or in those with many rivers. What fun it is to jump into a pool or lake, whether in China, Egypt or Italy!And think of people in cold countries. Think how many people love to skate or ski in Japan, Norway or Canada. Some sports or games go back thousands of years, like running or jumping. Chinese wushu, for example, has a very long history. But basketball and volleyball are rather new. They are about one hundred years old. People are inventing new sports or games all the time. Water-skiing is one of the newest in the family of sports.

People from different countries often become good friends after a game together. Sports help them to understand each other. One learns to fight hard but fight fair, to win without pride and to lose with grace.

ThePriceofaDream

I grew up poor. We had little money, but plenty of love and attention. I understood that no matter how poor a person was, they could still afford a dream. My dream was athletics.

By the time I was sixteen, I was good at baseball and football. My high school coach was Ollie Jarvis. He not only believed in me, but taught me the difference between having a dream and showing conviction(信念).

One summer a friend recommended me for a summer job. This meant a chance for money in my pocket — cash for dates with girls, certainly, money for a new bike and new clothes, and the start of savings for a house for my mother.

Then I realized I would have to give up summer baseball to handle the work schedule, and that meant I would have to tell Coach Jarvis I wouldn't be playing. I was afraid of this, but my mother said, "If you make your bed, you have to lie in it."

When I told Coach Jarvis, he was as mad as I expected him to be. "Your playing days are limited. You can't afford to waste them," he said.

I stood before him with my head hanging, trying to think of the words that would explain to him why I dream of buying my mom a house.

"How much are you going to make at this job, son?" he demanded.

"Three point twenty-five an hour," I replied.

"Well," he asked, "is $3. 25 an hour the price of a dream?"

That question exposed the difference between wanting something right now and having a goal. I devoted myself to sports that summer, and within the year I was drafted by the Pittsburgh Pirates to play rookie-league ball, and offered a $20, 000 contract. I signed with the Denver Broncos in 1984 for $1. 7 million, and bought my mother my dream house.

You signed up for soccer, and played every game of the season. Sure, you're not the best player on the team, but most days you gave it your all. Do you deserve a trophy(奖杯)?

If the decision is up to Carol Dweck, the answer would likely be no. She's a psychology professor at Stanford University, California. She says a player doesn't have to be the best to get a trophy. But those who receive an award should have to work for it. She suggests trophies go to the most improved player, or the one who contribute most to the team spirit, as well as to those who play the best.

"The trophy has to stand for something," Dweck told TFK. "If we give a trophy to everyone, then the award has no value." Dweck argues that giving kids trophies for particular reasons, such as improving in a sport, teaches kids that adults value hard work.

Others say that there's no harm in giving awards to all kids who play a sport, regardless of how they played or whether or not they improved.

"I think we should encourage kids' participation in sports," says Kenneth Barish, a psychology professor at Weill Cornell Medical College, in New York City. "A trophy is one way to encourage kids' efforts. "

Barish argues that when we single out only the best or even the most improved players with a trophy, we are teaching kids the wrong lesson. We are sending the message that winning is everything." Winning is only part of the equation (等式), " Barish told TFK. "Playing sports also teaches kids about teamwork and the importance of exercise."

There will be plenty of opportunities for kids to learn about competition as they get older, says Barish. They'll soon realize that only one soccer team wins the World Cup and only one football team wins the Super Bowl. For now, he thinks there's nothing wrong with letting all kids who play a sport feel like winners. That means trophies for everyone.

Exercise helps to keep us in good health. Doctors at the American Heart Association suggest getting at least 150 minutes of proper physical activities every week. Many people exercise for a few minutes every day or every other day. So, getting 150 minutes every week is easy.

But what about those times when you are sick?If you do not feel well, should you keep following your exercise habit?Health experts answer these and other questions.

Edward R. Laskowski is a doctor at the Mayo Clinic. He and other experts have a general rule of yes about exercising when you are sick. It is usually fine to exercise, he explains, if your symptoms(症状) are all "above the neck". These signs may include a runny nose, a blocked nose, sneezing or a minor sore throat.

Geralyn Coopersmith is a physical fitness trainer who has written several books on exercise and nutrition. Both Coopersmith and Dr Laskowski suggest taking a break from exercising if signs of your illness appear "below the neck". Pay special attention to symptoms such as chest congestion, extreme cough or pain in the stomach.

There are other symptoms that can tell you to avoid exercise. They include:a higher than normal body temperature, a sense of feeling extremely tired, and widespread muscle pain.

Both Coopersmith and Dr Laskowski suggest listening to your body. If you feel really bad, take a break and let your body rest. If you don't feel too bad, these experts both suggest reducing the amount of exercise. For example, if you usually run, take a quick walk instead.

You probably know you should exercise, get enough sleep and eat right. But you are telling yourself that you don't have the time. If you are wondering how to develop healthy habits, these pieces of advice will help you feel great.

Changesleeptime.

If you need to work all night, you can sleep seven to nine hours a night several days before you stay up. It can help reduce the bad influence of a single sleepless night. When you stay up, consider a powerful nap.

Improvecreativity.

Eating more fruit and vegetables makes us more creative, which in turn improves our work.  Time management is key. Exercise is another one. Just two minutes of physical activity can make you more creative.

Fitinwithsomehigh-intensity(高强度)butshortexercise.

If you don't have a lot of time, try some high-intensity exercise.  Research suggests that exercising regularly is highly effective in burning fat and building muscle.

To protect yourself, start taking vitamin C and vitamin B a few days before your flight. To make you feel less travel-related stress, try some quick ways to relax, such as drinking green tea.

Doing great work is important to you, but your health should be at the top of your list. So you should be honest with yourself.  Find time for exercise, healthy meals and some quality rest by cutting down useless activities.