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北京市重点中学2022-2023学年高一上学期期末考试英语试...

更新时间:2023-01-29 浏览次数:67 类型:期末考试
一、完形填空。本大题共10小题,共15分。
  • 1. (2023高一上·北京期末) 完形填空。

    One Monday morning I came into the classroom and caught Joe1a picture on his math book. This was one day after I had given the class a lecture on taking care of school property. Normally I would have got angry and2him to the office. Instead, I walked over to his desk and stood there. Joe closed the book immediately, trying to hide his drawing. I said, "Let me3what I said yesterday: these textbooks are going to be used for the next five years, and I4you to take good care of them." "Sorry," Joe murmured. "I forgot." "I see." I said.

    When I returned to Joe's desk again, he was erasing the drawing with his tiny, worn-out eraser. I5him mine and a drawing pad, and then said, "Here, this might make the job6. And you can also use the pad whenever you have the7to draw." Joe looked8and said, "Thanks." I nodded and started my lesson.

    Joe hasn't drawn in his textbook since. He keeps the pad in his pocket and shows me his drawing from time to time. I'm glad I didn't ask him to go to the office that day. It might have stopped him from marking on his books, but we would never have the9we have today. And who knows, I may have10a promising Picasso.

    (1)
    A . copying B . drawing C . observing D . examining
    (2)
    A . sent B . welcomed C . begged D . followed
    (3)
    A . check B . prove C . repeat D . update
    (4)
    A . force B . allow C . promise D . expect
    (5)
    A . rewarded B . mailed C . showed D . handed
    (6)
    A . slower B . easier C . safer D . earlier
    (7)
    A . energy B . urge C . ambition D . talent
    (8)
    A . awkward B . calm C . surprised D . anxious
    (9)
    A . relationship B . achievement C . appointment D . conflict
    (10)
    A . attracted B . ignored C . encouraged D . cheated
二、阅读理解(共15小题;每小题2分,共30分)
  • 2. (2023高一上·北京期末) 阅读理解

    The following safety risks may result in serious injury or death to the user of the MINI Cooper S:

    ● This product contains small parts that are for adult assembly (组装) only. Keep small children away when assembling. Remove all protective materials before assembly. Be sure to remove all packaging materials and parts from underneath the car body.

    ● Battery posts contain lead known to the state of California to cause cancer and reproductive harm. Never open the battery.

    ● Body parts such as hands, legs, hair and clothing can get caught in moving parts. Never place a body part near a moving part or wear loose clothing while using the vehicle. Always wear shoes when using the vehicle.

    ● Using the vehicle near streets, motor vehicles, drop-offs such as steps, water (swimming pools) or other bodies of water, hills, wet areas, in alleys, at night or in the dark could result in an unexpected accident. Instead, use the vehicle on the highway. Always use the vehicle in a safe, secure environment.

    ● Using the vehicle in unsafe conditions such as snow, rain, loose dirt, mud, or sand may result in unexpected action, for example tip over.

    ● Using the vehicle in an unsafe manner. Examples include but are not limited to:

    ·Pulling the vehicle with another vehicle or similar device

    ·Allowing more than two riders

    ·Pushing the user from the back

    ·Traveling at an unsafe speed

    ●Always use common sense and safe practices when using the vehicle.

    ●Store the vehicle indoors or cover it to protect it from weather. Water will damage the motor, electric system, and battery.

    1. (1) When assembling, you should ______.
      A . open the battery on the spot B . keep small children off the spot C . ignore the packaging materials D . take away all protective materials
    2. (2) According to the text, it is safer to ______.
      A . have at least four passengers B . push the user from behind at the start C . wear loose clothes while using the vehicle D . drive on the highway instead of on hills
    3. (3) Where can you probably find the text?
      A . A product handbook. B . A popular magazine. C . A physics textbook. D . An official report.
  • 3. (2023高一上·北京期末) 阅读理解

    It probably won't surprise you that teens are texting more than ever before. Experts show great concern for teen texting. Students might not learn correct grammar and spelling if they write a lot of text messages. Also all that texting takes away from hours that could be spent studying, exercising, pursuing hobbies, or talking with others face to face. Some kids even sleep with their phones beneath their pillows and wake up several times during the night to text.

    Dr. Elizabeth Dowdell points out teens need to learn that they can — and should — turn off their phones sometimes. She and her team had two teenagers, Kenny and Franchesca, carry out an experiment. They should obey the rules: No phone for 48 hours. No computer or Internet either, unless it was for schoolwork. Would these two teenagers be able to do it?

    "I think I'm going to feel really alone," Kenny worried. Franchesca was nervous but brave. "I'm excited for the challenge," she said. "I don't know what's going to happen." They handed their phones to their mothers for safekeeping. The challenge was on.

    The team caught up with Kenny and Franchesca after 48 phone-free hours. "Wow, it was pure suffering," Kenny joked. "Though life with no phone wasn't easy," he admitted, "it had benefits. I felt less stressed because I didn't have to be involved." Sure, Kenny missed his friends, and he was sad at times. But he also felt relief from the constant texting. Instead of texting, Kenny went to the gym and caught up on schoolwork. He said that the first night he slept for 10 hours. He also spent time sitting with his family and talking. "I felt closer to my parents," said Kenny.

    Franchesca had an even happier result when she put away her phone. "I loved it!" she said. "I was going to the gym and hanging out with friends and playing basketball. I had a wonderful experience." She slept better too, and she decided to continue the experiment for a while. "I think I'll be so much smarter and healthier," she explained. "Everybody in the world should try it."

    Kenny doesn't plan to give up his phone again. But he now knows that he can live without it. "It was a reality check," said the teen.

    1. (1) Experts are concerned about teens' texting because it ______.
      A . takes up their learning time B . leads to learning disabilities C . develops the habit of staying up late D . causes misunderstandings with each other
    2. (2) What can be inferred from the passage?
      A . Experimenting with phone use is popular among teens. B . Expecting teens to live without phones is not realistic. C . Teens will live a healthier life without phones. D . Teens don't realize how different their lives are without phones.
    3. (3) How were the two teens' reactions to the 48-hour challenge different?
      A . Only Kenny spent time talking with his parents. B . Only Kenny participated in physical activities. C . Only Franchesca benefited from a really good sleep. D . Only Franchesca appreciated the freedom of having no phone.
    4. (4) Which is the best title for the passage?
      A . Giving up Texting B . Rules for Using Phones C . Problems Caused by Texting D . Two Days with No Phone
  • 4. (2023高一上·北京期末) 阅读理解

    Everyone procrastinates. We put things off because we don't want to do them, or because we have too many other things on our plates. Putting things off — big or small — is part of being human. But procrastination does have consequences. When your procrastination leaves you feeling discouraged, it is time to take action, and one of the best ways to get rid of it is to make an un-schedule.

    An un-schedule is a weekly calendar of all the ways in which your time is already accounted for. You consider not only your timed commitments such as classes and meetings, but also your untimed activities such as meals, exercise, time with friends, and the like. Once you have made your un-schedule, you may be able to see your time is often filled with more activities than you realize, for instance, that you really don't have five hours to spend writing on the night before your paper is due. Procrastinators' views of time tend to be unrealistic, and the un-schedule can help you outline a realistic plan. By planning accordingly, you will not only get a better night's sleep, you may also end up with a better paper.

    The un-schedule might also be a good way to get started on a larger project, such as a term paper or an honors paper. You may think that you have "all semester" to get the writing done, but if you really map out how much time you have available to write on a daily and weekly basis, you will see that you need to get started sooner, rather than later. In addition, the un-schedule may reveal especially busy weeks or months, which will help you budget time for long-term projects.

    Perhaps most importantly, the un-schedule can help you examine how you spend your time. You may be surprised at how much time you spend watching television, and decide to make a change. It's especially important that you build time for fun activities into your un-schedule. Otherwise, you will procrastinate in order to steal time for relaxation.

    You can also use the un-schedule to record your progress towards your goal. Reward yourself for your small successes. Seeing what you've achieved will help reinforce (强化) the productive behavior, and you will feel more motivated in the following process.

    As you explore ways to conquer procrastination, don't expect overnight transformation. You developed the habit over a long time; you aren't going to stop magically. But you can change the behavior, bit by bit. If you start to make an un-schedule now, you will eventually develop new habits.

    1. (1) From Paragraph 2, we can know that procrastinators __________.
      A . usually have sleeping problems B . tend to be unrealistic in daily life C . often fail to notice untimed activities D . spend more time in doing exercise
    2. (2) Which of the following statements best reflects an un-schedule?
      A . "Now I have more time for fun." B . "I'll treat myself to a movie for my progress." C . "I can start my big project later." D . "I'm going to have more time to finish my paper."
    3. (3) According to the writer, people need to make an un-schedule because of their __________.
      A . inability to manage time properly B . determination to try out new things C . interests in doing things differently D . lack of concentration on a project
    4. (4) The author writes the passage to __________.
      A . show concerns B . make comments C . express dissatisfaction D . offer suggestions
  • 5. (2023高一上·北京期末) 阅读理解

    NASA will crash a spacecraft into an asteroid (小行星) to try to change its orbit, attempting to prevent humans going the same way as the dinosaurs.

    Earth is constantly being disturbed by small pieces of debris (碎片), but they usually burn up or break up long before they hit the ground. Once in a while, however, something large enough to do significant damage makes impact. About 66 million years ago, one such crash is thought to have wiped out the dinosaurs. Someday, something similar could end human beings—unless we can find a way to tackle it.

    NASA's Double Asteroid Redirection Test (Dart) mission is the first attempt to test if such asteroid redirection is a realistic strategy: investigating whether a spacecraft can autonomously reach a target asteroid and intentionally crash into it, as well as measuring the amount of redirection. "If it works, it would be a big deal, because it would prove that we have the technical capability of protecting ourselves," said Jay Tate, the director of the National Near Earth Object Information Center.

    The 610kg Dart spacecraft is scheduled to be launched at the target—the Didymos system—a harmless pair of asteroids consisting of a 163-metre "moonlet" asteroid called Dimorphos that orbits a larger 780-metre asteroid called Didymos (Greek for "twin"). The plan is to crash the spacecraft into Dimorphos when the asteroid system is at its closest to Earth—about 6.8 million miles away.

    About 10 days before impact, a miniaturized satellite called LiciaCube will separate from the main spacecraft, enabling images of the impact to be relayed back to Earth. Combined with observations from ground-based telescopes, and an onboard camera that will record the final moments before the crash, these recordings will enable scientists to calculate the degree to which the impact has changed Dimorphos's orbit. The expectation is that it will change the speed of the smaller asteroid by approximately 1% and reduce its orbit around the larger asteroid.

    Then, in November 2024, the European Space Agency's Hera spacecraft will visit the Didymos system and conduct a further close-up analysis of the consequences of this snooker (斯诺克) game, recording details such as the precise makeup and internal structure of Dimorphos, and the size and shape of the hole left by Dart. Such details are vital for transforming asteroid redirection into a repeatable technique.

    Even then, it is impossible that any single redirection strategy would be enough. "The problem is that no two asteroids or comets are alike, and how you redirect one depends on a huge number of variables. There is no silver bullet in this game. What you need is a whole folder of different redirection methods for different types of targets," said Tate.

    So, while this may be one small step towards planetary protection, many more are likely to be necessary to avoid destruction.

    1. (1) What is the purpose of Paragraph 2?
      A . To explain the necessity of launching a spacecraft. B . To examine the impact of dinosaurs' extinction. C . To highlight the crisis threatening human beings at present. D . To show the damage caused by small pieces of debris.
    2. (2) Which of the following pictures illustrates the mission?
      A . B . C . D .
    3. (3) What is the function of LiciaCube?
      A . Helping the satellite separate from the spacecraft. B . Recording the scientists' ground-based observations. C . Sending impact data back to Earth. D . Calculating the length of Dimorphos's orbit.
    4. (4) What does the underlined sentence "There is no silver bullet in this game" mean?
      A . There is no possibility to satisfy NASA's needs. B . There is no challenge too big to overcome. C . There is no strategy to help make an obvious decision. D . There is no single solution to the complex problem.
三、任务型阅读(共4小题,共10分)
  • 6. (2023高一上·北京期末) 阅读下面短文,根据题目要求用英文回答问题,请在答题卡指定区域作答。

    Self-reflection

    Do you ever feel like you are running from one activity to another? When things happen at such a fast pace, it is easy to lose sight of what you are doing, or what you are learning. It is important to stop yourself every now and then to think about what you have been doing or learning.

    Self-reflection means stopping the mad rush of activity and calming yourself and your mind so your brain can evaluate the input it has already received. Some people prefer to do their self-reflection mentally, while others keep a journal of written notes of some kind. Either method can work depending on your own personal style.

    School textbooks are often divided into chapters and units of study. This can make it easier for someone who wants to begin the process of self-reflection. Watch for times when you complete a unit of study in any of the subjects you are learning: math, social studies, science, art, or any other topic in your school. Sometimes you are reminded that a unit is over because there is some kind of test or quiz. Use these breaks as a chance to stop and reflect.

    Find a quiet place. This can even be sitting at your desk at school when you finish something early and other students are still working. If you are going to take notes, take out paper or your reflection journal. Jot down(记下)some notes on things that you learned in this unit that you did not know before you began.

    Sometimes just pausing to think deeply allows your brain to make connections so that new information can be quickly retrieved(检索)when you need it again. Next, think about things that you still want to know. For example, maybe you learned a new way to solve a math problem, but you're not sure when to use it. Writing down your questions will help you remember to continue seeking answers the next time you are exposed to the same topic. Self-reflection is an essential skill for a successful student. If you have never taken the time to reflect, try it now.

    1. (1) What is self-reflection?
    2. (2) When is a good time to try self-reflection?
    3. (3) What notes should we take when we do self-reflection?
    4. (4) According to your understanding, how can self-reflection help students?
四、选词填空:本题共10小题,共20分。
  • 7. (2023高一上·北京期末) 请选择合适词,并用其恰当形式填空,每个词仅用一次,所给词中有两个多余的词。

    identity, maintain, perform, admit, exhibit, acknowledge, press

    assist sb. with, catch one's eye, experiment with, result in, do sb. a favor

    1. (1) Jack that it was his fault (过错) to miss the deadline.
    2. (2) Instead of going to supermarkets, today we just need to a button and then the orders will arrive the next day.
    3. (3) Nowadays many students their friendships through online communication.
    4. (4) According to the research, too much screen time will shortsightedness.
    5. (5) Avatars are digital that you use to communicate and express yourself on the Internet.
    6. (6) The beautiful book as soon as I entered the book store.
    7. (7) I'm fed up with repetitive tasks and I wish I could do something more creative.
    8. (8) Our company new energy cars in the past 15 years and hopefully, we can make a contribution to a more eco-friendly economy.
    9. (9) The audience were amazed by the sportsmanship which by all the athletes.
    10. (10) More employers will be needed to us the development of new equipment.
五、请根据首字母、英文释义和语境提示填写正确单词。本题共10小题,共10分。(注:请在答卷上填写整个单词,否则该题扣2分。)
六、请根据中文提示和语境填写短语。本题共10小题,共20分。
七、请用括号里所给词的正确形式填空。本题共10小题,共10分。
八、作文。本大题共1题,共15分。
  • 38. (2023高一上·北京期末) 假设你是红星中学高一学生李华。你的英国好友Jim在给你的邮件中提到他最近沉迷于使用电子设备,想做出改变但不知该怎么办,特来信向你寻求建议。请给他回邮件,内容包括:

    1)表示理解;

    2)提供合理使用电子设备的建议;

    3)祝愿他生活重回正轨。

    注意:要点1和3已给出,请结合上下文补充要点2。

    Dear Jim,

    I'm sorry to learn that you have been obsessed with using your digital devices lately. It's surely natural for you to find the virtual world appealing. And don't worry! I will fully support you in dealing with it.

    ……

    I hope it will all work out. Cheer up! Let me know if I can help further.

    Yours,

    Li Hua

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