The Biggest Stadiums in the World
People have been pouring into stadiums since the days of ancient Greece. In around 80 A.D. the Romans built the Colosseum, which remains the world's best known stadium and continues to inform contemporary design.
Rome's Colosseum was 157 feet tall and had 80 entrances, seating 50,000 people. However, that was small fry compared with the city's Circus Maximus, which accommodated around 250,000 people.
These days, safety regulations -- not to mention the modern sports fan's desire for a good view and a comfortable seat -- tend to keep stadium capacities(容量)slightly lower. Even soccer fans tend to have a seat each; gone are the days of thousands standing to watch the match.
For the biggest stadiums in the world, we have used data supplied by the World Atlas list so far, which ranks them by their stated permanent capacity, as well as updated information from official stadium websites.
All these stadiums are still functional, still open and still hosting the biggest events in world sport. · Rungrado 1st of May Stadium, Pyongyang, D.P.R.Korea. Capacity: 150,000. Opened May 1, 1989. · Michigan Stadium, Ann Arbor, Michigan, U.S. Capacity: 107,601. Opened: October 1, 1927. ·Beaver Stadium, State College, Pennsylvania, U.S.Capacity: 106,572. Opened:September 17, 1960.
·Ohio Stadium, Columbus Ohio, U.S. Capacity: 104,944. Opened: October 7, 1922. · Kyle Field, College Station, Texas, U.S. Capacity: 102,512. Opened: September 24, 1927.
Working at a bank in New York City in the mid-2010s, Anna Sacks was living the life -- just not the life she wanted. Sure, she was happy. But she wanted to do something that felt important and was fulfilling on a deeper level.
Some people seeking meaning might read a self-help book or perhaps volunteer a few hours a week. Sacks packed up her life and moved to Connecticut for three months to participate in Adamah, a Jewish farming program that focuses on sustainable (可持续的) living and growing sustainable food. She returned to New York with a new purpose and a variety of new skills to make her dreams a reality.
"One of the things that really stuck with me from Adamah, which means 'Earth' in Hebrew, was how they handled the waste they had, primarily through composting (堆肥)," she says. "And I just thought, Why aren't we doing that here?"
The Adamah program opened Sacks' eyes to the damage that consumer culture is doing on a local, national, and global level, and the need to find solutions. So in 2016, she took a master composting
course and started working with a food rescue program, which she named "trash walking."
During walks around her neighborhood, Sacks, 31, picked through garbage to look for reusable items. Soon, her trash walks expanded to include company trash cans along with residential trash. Surprisingly, she discovered a wide range of really great stuff--like clothing, decorations, plates and food.
Sacks' main focus is simply getting people to pay attention to how many unnecessary things they buy and then throw away. "Once you become aware of the way you consume, you can see ways you improve," she says.
Have you ever noticed the birdsong you used to wake up to as a child has been thinning? Such has been the case in Australia for the endangered eastern bristlebird, with its numbers declining greatly in the past 40 years. At first glance, there is nothing too unique about the eastern bristlebird. Its song, while beautiful, doesn't stand out in a typical Australian forest. Since the 1980s, researchers have been trying to understand why the eastern bristlebird has seen such rapid decline. Time and again, fires taking place unexpectedly come up as the main factor—along with the increase in fire frequency, climate change and habitat loss. Fire can be deadly for many wild animals, but there is something special about the bristlebird that makes it particularly vulnerable (脆弱的) to large, frequent fires. Eastern bristle birds, despite being able to fly, appear not to appreciate the view of a top story. They don't choose to live in the treetops, or even on lower branches of trees. They preferred low, thick vegetation (植被). This habitat structure is important for many small animals even less noticeable than the bristlebird, such as spiders, beetles and worms. This means the bristlebird can act like an reminder how the entire understory ecosystem is doing. Unfortunately, low, dense vegetation is often the first to burn and disappear during a fire. Worse still, it takes years for an understory to recover fully.
The eastern bristlebird may only be one fire away from extinction, signaling a possible collapse of their ground-level ecosystem. However, all hope was not lost as this knowledge had led to emergency rescues of bristlebirds. And translocation programs, which has been an important strategy for saving almost every vulnerable native Australian species, are in place for this little ordinary bird.
The traditional working day doesn't benefit night owls(夜猫子), with people who prefer to stay up late twice as likely to underperform at work as early birds, a new study from Finland has suggested.
Early risers tend to work better early in the morning, while evening types are the opposite. The researchers asked 5,881 individuals born in 1966 in northern Finland about their working life and health and questioned them about their sleep patterns in 2012 when they were 46 years old. The study participants were monitored over a period of four years.
Ten percent of the men and 12% of the women were "evening types", 72% of whom worked in day jobs,the researchers found. A quarter of people classified as evening types rated their own performance at work as poor. This was a significantly higher proportion(比例) than among early birds.
"If evening types have to work in the early morning, they won't rate their work ability as high as morning types. The opposite would be true as well. If normal business hours were 3 p.m. to 11 p.m., the early morning types would feel worse than evening types," said Kristen Knutson, an associate professor at Northwestern University.
Suzanne Hood, an associate professor at Bishop's University in Qucbec, Canada, said that night owls shouldn't be alarmed by the findings.
"Rating job performance doesn't necessarily tell you about the quality of the work in real terms," noted Hood. "Also, the study was observational— it doesn't mean that being a night owl makes you less able to work."
"For example, the employee who seems like a slow starter in the morning might be the person who's most able to work effectively into the evening to meet an important deadline," said Hood. "If there is some opportunity for flexibility in scheduling, allowing employees some control over what time of day they complete their work may help to optimize(优化) performance and productivity."
How to Cram (仓促准备)for a Test without Going Crazy
Do you have a test coming up you should have been studying for weeks ago? Don't worry. You're not alone, and all hope is not lost.
You must start with the basics. No, we're not talking about the material you're learning; we're talking about the environment you're in. Do it in a space that isn't crowded or messy. If you're worried about spending more time cleaning than studying, some of other favorite places to cram include coffee shops, bookstores, and parks.
We already stressed the importance of an environment, but we didn't talk about what you are using in that environment. If you have your phone with you, we suggest turning it on silent and putting it away. Close any outside communication applications and remove distractions from your study site to completely focus on the task at hand.
When studying, you shouldn't push yourself past your limit. Our general rule of thumb is to give yourself a break at least once every hour. Each of your breaks should last for at least 10 minutes at a time to ensure you are refreshed and ready to get back into it.
There are few things in the world as stressful as cramming for a test. Luckily, there are methods and tips to ensure you can still come out on top of your next test or exam. Grab a pencil and a notebook and start cramming!
A. So, what are you waiting for?
B. The same applies to your computer or laptop.
C. You're cramming, so it doesn't have to be neat.
D. Electronic products will help you find a rhythm(节奏) for cramming.
E. In fact, there are a ton of effective methods to cram for a test the right way.
F. If you study in an unorganized place, you will lose focus and the motivation to succeed.
G. It may come as a shock to you, but you should set up a timer to remind yourself of a break.
Wildlife has been greatly threatened in the modern age. There are species that are 1 every day. The white-naped crane(鹤) is a typical example. So scientists are trying their best to 2 the species from going out of existence.
Chris and Tim work at a zoo, helping endangered cranes with their reproduction. Emma, a female crane, has been in their 3 since she arrived in 2004.
Born at an international crane foundation, Emma was 4 by human caretakers. This led to an unexpected outcome, though she had a wonderful time there. Emma had 5 taken herself as a crane and become deeply attached to humans. She 6 to live with male cranes, and even had a reputation for killing some of them, which made it 7 for her to become a mother.
8 , the two zookeepers didn't want to see the extinction of this precious species. With their patience and efforts, they successfully developed a 9 of artificial breeding(人工繁殖) and natural reproduction. This 10 Emma to give birth to five baby cranes.
The two keepers are proud of their productive work. But before they can be assured, more efforts must be made, because the population of the crane in the wild is on the 11 and many other species are on the verge of extinction. 12 , not everyone has realized that wildlife has thoughts, feelings, and most importantly, equal rights to survive.
How can we 13 the ever-widening gap that separates us from other animals? Chris and Tim offered us the 14: human beings took it for granted that their brains held all the solutions, but maybe their hearts can be a better 15.
Starting around 4,000 B. C., traditional Chinese brush painting has developed continuously over a period of more than six thousand years. Its (grow) has reflected the changes of time.
During the 1st century A.D., the art of painting religious morals gradually (gain) popularity, with Buddhism spread to China and temples (build) consequently. However, subject later expanded beyond religious themes. For example, paintings of historical (character) and stories of everyday life became (extreme) popular. By the 4th century, this particular type of painting had already established (it) as an independent form of expression. It then gradually developed into two separate styles, (include) the flower-and-bird painting. A great many artists in the 9th century painted in this style and their subjects included a rich (various) of flowers, fruits, birds, insects, and fish.
Since the turn of the 20th century, painters have often mixed several colors on one brush or mixed their colours with black inks, is similar to the Western painting skill. As a result, they have obtained more natural and richly varied colours. Such techniques have been widely adopted and further developed in the contemporary period.
Ben was awakened by a gunshot. The sharp noise came through the thick stone walls of the house. It was cold in the bedroom and Ben was shaking as he got out of bed. He put on his eyeglasses and went over to the window. The field was covered with white frost. Nothing moved out there in the deep quiet just before sunrise.
Ben wondered where the shot had come from. He thought perhaps he had dreamed he heard a gunshot. He looked out toward the frozen lake. Near the trees he saw a shining piece of metal. When it moved, Ben saw that it was a long gun. A minute later a man came out of the woods. He wore hunting clothes.
Suddenly a bird flew upward. The man quickly put the gun to his shoulder and shot. Ben watched the bird, praying it had not been hurt. It flew near the ground and went into some tall grass. "Safe," Ben thought.
The hunter did not move for a moment, and then he began to follow the bird. Hate for the hunter burned inside Ben. "Hey!" he shouted. His voice cut through the stillness. The hunter stopped, but then continued to follow the bird. Ben shouted again, but this time the hunter did not stop and Ben started to move toward him. The hunter looked back at Ben.
Ben had just bought this house in the woods. He wanted to protect everything on his land. He thought that everyone would obey the signs "No Hunting."
However, he heard another gunshot. This troubled him deeply. How could he stop this hunter? He walked toward the lake. He did not want to fight, but the man must go. He walked quietly. He wanted to surprise the hunter. But then, what would he do? He could not fight the hunter.
注意：
1）续写词数应为 150 左右；
2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1: Suddenly he heard a bird's wings beating the dry grass.
Paragraph 2: There was something threatening in the man's cool quiet voice.
