1. 阅读理解

    Are you shy? If you are, you are not alone. In fact, close to 50 percent of people are shy. Almost 80 percent of people feel shy at some point in their lives. These days, shyness is becoming more and more common. Now, scientists are trying to understand shyness. They have some interesting ideas about why people are shy.

    Is it possible to be born shy? Many scientists say yes. They say 15 to 20 percent of babies behave shyly. These babies are a little quieter and more watchful than other babies. Interestingly, these shy babies usually have shy parents. As a result, scientists think that some shyness is genetic.

    Family size might cause people to be shy as well. Scientists at Harvard University studied shy children. They found that 66 percent of them had older brothers and sisters. The scientists said that these children were often bullied(欺负)by their older brothers and sisters. As a result, they became shy. At the same time, children with no brothers and sisters may be shy as well. Growing up alone, they often play by themselves. They are not able to learn the same social skills as children from big families.

    You may also be shy because of where you were born. When scientists studied shyness in different countries, they found surprising differences. In Japan, most people said they were shy. But in Israel, only one of three people said so. What explains the difference? One scientist says the Japanese and Israelis have different opinions of failure. In Japan, when people do not succeed, they feel bad about themselves. They blame(责备)themselves for their failure. In Israel, the opposite is true. Israelis often blame failure on outside reasons, such as family, teachers, friends or bad luck. In Israel, freedom of opinion and risk taking are strongly supported. This may be why Israelis worry less about failure and are less shy.

    For shy people, it can be difficult to make friends, speak in class, and even get a good job. But scientists say you can get over your shyness. They suggest trying new things and practicing conversations. And don't forget-if you are shy, you are not the only one.

1. （1） What is the passage mainly about?

   A . Happiness. B . Shyness. C . Kindness. D . Loneliness.
3. （2） What does the underlined word "genetic" in Paragraph 2probably mean?

   A . Passed down from parents. B . Learned from friends. C . Taught by teachers. D . Made up by brothers.
5. （3） What can be learned from the passage?

   A . Most little babies are born shy and quiet. B . If you are shy now, you will be shy forever. C . Many shy children have older brothers and sisters. D . Most Israeli people are shy of expressing opinions.
7. （4） We can learn from the passage that      may cause shyness.

   A . genetics, grown-ups and birthplace B . genetics, family size and birthplace C . family size, grown-ups and failure D . genetics, family size and freedom
9. （5） Scientists suggest that shy people can get over the shyness by     .

   A . blaming their failure on outside reasons B . trying new things and practicing conversations C . getting themselves away from their shy parents D . trying to understand reasons for their shyness