There has, in recent years, been an outpouring of information about the impact of buildings on the natural environment. Information which explains and promotes green construction design strives to 1 others of its effectiveness and warns of the dangers of ignoring the issue. Seldom do these documents offer any advice to practitioners, such as those designing mechanical and electrical systems for a building, on how to use this knowledge on a 2level.
Although there are a good many advocates of "green" construction in the architectural industry, able to list enough reasons why buildings should be designed in a (n)3 way, that doesn't translate into a booming green construction industry. Likewise, the fact that plenty of architectural firms have experience in green design is not enough to make green construction 4. The driving force behind whether a building is constructed with minimal environmental impact 5the owner of the building; that is, the person financing the project. If the owner considers green design unimportant, or of secondary importance, then more than likely, it will not be 6 into the design.
The commissioning (委任) process plays a key role in 7the owner gets the building he wants, in terms of design, costs and risk. Owners who8the commissioning process, or fail to take "green" issues into account when doing so, often run into trouble once their building is up and running. Materials and equipment are installed as planned, and, at first glance, appear to fulfil their purpose adequately.9, in time, the owner realizes that operational and maintenance costs are higher than necessary, and that the occupants are dissatisfied with the results. These factors in turn lead to higher ownership costs as well as increased environmental impact.
In some cases, an owner may be 10 of the latest trends in green building design, which, however, does not necessarily lead to an interpretation that the client already has an idea of how green he intends the structure to be. Indeed, this initial interaction between owner and firm is the ideal time for a designer to outline and 11 the ways that green design can meet the client's objectives. In this way, he may turn a project originally not12green design into a potential candidate.
Typically, when condiering whether or not to adopt a green13, an owner will ask about additional costs or return for investment. In a typical project, landscape architects, mechanical and electrical engineers are not involved until a much later stage. However, in green design, they have a role to play from they outset, since green design demands14between these disciplines, which requires additional cost. However, there are examples of green design which have demonstrated15costs for long-term operation, ownership and even construnction.
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