The Minoans: A Forgotten People
The first advanced culture in ancient Greece was the Minoan culture. For thousands of years, knowledge of these people survived only in Greek myths. In the late 19 h century, archaeologists began to unearth ruins. This inspired Arthur Evans to begin digging on the island of Crete near mainland Greece. On a dig in Kbossos, Evans found an ancient palace Experts think that it was the palace of King Minos, acentral figure in many Greek myths.
With his team, he uncovered a vast structure, varied works of art, and many hieroglyphic records. These finds, together with later finds, comprise all that experts know about Minoan culture.
From the evidence experts gathered, it is clear that the Minoans were ahead of their time. The palace at Knossos was five floors high with hundreds of rooms. Buildings throughout the ancient city had plumbing and flush toilets. Stone pavement lined the surfaces of the roads. In addition, the Minoans possessed a highly developed naval fleet for long-distance trade. These records confirm the central role of commerce in culture.
Their analysis of the evidence also offers insight into some aspects of Minoan society. Ruins and artwork suggest that people of all classes enjoyed a high degree of social and gender equality. Religious icons(图符)show that Minoans worshiped bulls, the natural world, and many female gods.
An unusual feature of Minoans culture was the pursuit of leisure interests. Sport and visual arts were central to Minoan life. Boxing and bull jumping, a sport in which players jumped over live bulls, were popular. Although bull jumping may have served some ritual purpose, experts believe that it was done mostly for fun. Similarly, although some works of art showed political and religious themes, other works served only as pleasant decor(装饰品).
The Minoans met their demise after a series of natural disasters. Experts believe that group from the Greek mainland capitalized on these events and looked over the island.
A. Some experts think that the wealth gained from trade allowed for such leisure in sports and the arts
B. Experts believe that a king and mostly a female priest ruled the government and controlled trade.
C. In ancient Greek myths, Minoan society was quite prosperous and highly civilized
D. The palace that Evans unearthed a century ago was the first proof of Minoan culture.
E. Minoan culture didn't exist before Arthur Evans discovered the palace under the earth
F. Although not yet decoded, written script on clay tablets appears to list trade accounts.