1.
高纯三甲基镓 [
]是制备含镓化合物和合金最广泛的镓源。一种以粉煤灰(主要含有
,
、
、
等杂质)为原料,制备高纯三甲基镓的工艺流程如下:
![](//tikupic.21cnjy.com/2024/03/22/ad/e3/ade32b15d85c5009a409240e6a610850_630x170.png)
已知:
①
高温下可与
反应生成
(在水溶液中也可写成
)。Ga和Al二者单质和化合物化学性质相似。
②常温下,相关元素可溶性组分物质的量浓度c的对数值
与
的关系如图所示。当溶液中可溶组分浓度c≤10-5mol/L时,可认为已除尽。
![](//tikupic.21cnjy.com/2024/03/22/43/a9/43a9600784994a8b51570e501f678990_295x149.png)
回答下列问题:
-
(1)
“焙烧”中生成的产物有
种。杂质
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmtext%3ES%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3Cmtext%3Ei%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3Cmsub%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmtext%3EO%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmn%3E2%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmsub%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
以
(填化学式)形式除去。
-
-
(2)
“调节
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmtext%3Ep%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3Cmtext%3EH%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
①”中应调节的
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmtext%3Ep%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3Cmtext%3EH%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
范围为
。调节
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmtext%3Ep%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3Cmtext%3EH%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
②中当
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmtext%3EC%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3Cmsub%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmtext%3EO%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmn%3E2%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmsub%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
足量时,发生反应的离子方程式为
。
-
-
(3)
常温下,反应
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmtext%3EA%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3Cmtext%3El%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3Cmsub%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmo%3E%28%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmtext%3EO%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3Cmtext%3EH%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3Cmo%3E%29%3C%2Fmo%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmn%3E3%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmsub%3E%3Cmo%3E%2B%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmtext%3EO%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3Cmsup%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmtext%3EH%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmo%3E%E2%88%92%3C%2Fmo%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmsup%3E%3Cmtext%3E%E2%87%8C%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3Cmsup%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmo%3E%5B%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmtext%3EA%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3Cmtext%3El%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3Cmsub%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmo%3E%28%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmtext%3EO%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3Cmtext%3EH%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3Cmo%3E%29%3C%2Fmo%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmn%3E4%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmsub%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3Cmo%3E%5D%3C%2Fmo%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmo%3E%E2%88%92%3C%2Fmo%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmsup%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
的平衡常数K的值为
。
-
-
-
-
(5)
“电解”装置如图所示,若生成
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmn%3E1%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E4%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmtext%3Eg%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3Cmtext%3E+%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3Cmtext%3EG%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3Cmtext%3Ea%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
单质,则通过交换膜迁移的阴离子的物质的量为
,理论上右池中
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmtext%3EN%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3Cmtext%3Ea%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3Cmtext%3EO%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3Cmtext%3EH%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
的物质的量
(填“增大”“减少”或“不变”)。
![](//tikupic.21cnjy.com/2024/03/22/6a/54/6a54044f7881c8445f2d15aafee7617a_221x196.png)
-