You may think you can't live in summer with no air conditioners（空调）. ①But in ancient China, hand fans were the only help for people to keep cool. Chinese people started to use hand fans about 2000 years ago.
The fans have different shapes, like round and square. They are usually made from all kinds of things. Palm leaf （棕榈叶） fans are cheap and easy to make. Sandalwood（檀香） fans have a sweet smell.
Now, hand fans are not just something for people to cool down. They become artworks. Tuanshan and zheshan are the most popular.
Tuanshan is like a full moon. There are beautiful birds and flowers on tuanshan. In ancient China, women liked to use it. Poets（诗人）often use tuanshan to describe a woman's unlucky life. Nalan Xingde wrote, "If only life were as beautiful as when we first met, why should the autumn wind bother（费心）to pity（怜悯）deserted（遗弃的）painted fan？"
But men，especially literati（尤其是文人）, usually like to use zheshan. Because zheshan is usually made of paper and they can write on it. Today Chinese people still use these fans. ②下次你看到一把扇子，你可能会想起关于它的故事。
