备战2020年中考英语专题复习——任务型阅读 2（真题）

    Our feelings influence almost every decision we make. Instead of living a boring life, positive (积极的) feelings can help us a lot. The pity is that sometimes become victims of feelings.

    In one of my latest books, I compare people's ability to controls (控制) on a media player. Just like the controls can help you enjoy wonderful songs, these methods will be choices for you to manage feelings successfully.

⒈Pause.

    Take time to stop and think before you speak or act. Of course, you may feel sorry if you like doing something without thinking-like sending an angry email or posting something bad on social media. If you feel your feelings getting out of control, pause. If possible, go for a short walk. Once you've calmed down, decide how you want to move forward.

⒉Volume control

    Have you ever noticed that when speaking with someone, your style or tone is a mirror (镜子) of the person's you are speaking to? If you stay calm or quiet, they'll follow you. Shout or scream, and they'll do just like you. If a discussion starts to become worse, try to change it by softening your tone or lowering your voice.

⒊Record

    If you want to learn more about another person's thoughts, recording, one way of careful listening, may help. You don't need to reply at once; you're listening to understand. Through careful listening, you often see things you didn't see before and can even discover misunderstandings you didn't know. Don't judge or offer advice before you know more about others and the topic.

    Sometimes, our decisions are affected by our feelings. If you keep positive feelings, you can  living a boring life. Some methods can help you  in controlling your feelings. First, doing without thinking may make you what you've said or done. It's wise of you to pause when your feelings become bad. Second, when speaking with someone, the other person usually offers you a reply in the  style or tone. So controlling volume is very important.  What's more, recording is one way of careful listening, with the  of learning more about another person's thoughts. Follow this way, you can judge or offer suggestions.

    An 11-year-old blind girl is proud of walking alone every day to and from school. Why? She has to walk past so many barriers (障碍物) in her way. The girl's home is near the school, yet her mother follows her without letting her know.

    The case of the girl shows the barrier-free facilities (设施) are not enough in her city. Many other cities are short of barrier-free facilities as well. There's no well-designed path for the blind. In fact, in the early 2000s, some cities started to build barrier-free facilities for disabled people. However, almost 20 years later, only a few large cities have had facilities of high quality.

    It's common that sidewalks are taken up with barriers. Few workers are sent to move them away, so it's dangerous for the blind to walk on them. Also, some other barrier-free facilities are badly destroyed（毁坏）. Only a few workers are assigned (分配) to do the task of repairing the broken ones.

    Some ideas can make a difference-build more barrier-free facilities and employ more of them require money. In a word, more money is needed to carry on with the work. It's our duty to make life easy for disabled people, so that they can live without barriers some day.

    Emperor penguins are the largest penguins on Earth. Each adult is over a metre tall, and can weigh up to 40 kilograms.

    For many months each year, emperors live near the sea in large groups called colonies. However, in May, the weather gets colder and ice covers large areas of ocean. Each colony moves many kilometres from the water.

    Sharing the work

    There, each mother penguin lays just one egg. Then all the hungry mothers must walk back to the ocean to find food. The father penguins put their eggs on top of the feet, under a special piece of skin called the brood pouch. For two months, the father penguins keep the eggs safe and warm. Antarctica. Most animals leave for warmer places, but the father penguins stay. In this time, without food, a father penguin can lose almost half of his weight.

    New life

    Then the babies begin to hatch! The mother penguin returns just in time to see her baby come out of its egg. The chick is then moved to her bored pouch. This can be difficult. If the chick falls, it can freeze quickly, so the penguin parents must be very careful! Once this is done, the father penguin can go back to the ocean to find food.

    Growing up

    Over the next few months, penguin parents take turns to go to the ocean for food. They each make the trip several times, bringing back food for the chick. The chick grows quickly and is always hungry.

    Into the water

    By December, winter is ending. The chick is five months old and can live on its own. Soon it enters the water for the first time. It will swim and eat until next April, and then return here. After a few more years, it, too, will start its own family.

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    Have you ever heard the saying "There is no place like home!" This is just another way of saying that home is a very special place. Our bedroom, our family, our pets, and all of the things we love are at home.

    Is home a place where you can relax and have fun? Is home a place where you get all of your best thinking done? Being at home means different things to different people. As people grow older, home usually represents more responsibility (责任) because it needs care inside and out. Who takes care of all of these things in your home? How do you help out?

    There are many different kinds of homes. Some people live in apartments, condos, or single﹣family homes. Homes have different rooms that are used for different purpose. The kitchen, the bedrooms, the living room and the bathroom each have their own use. Suppose your house does not have a roof and you are a bird flying over it, what does your house look like? Think about it.

    Some people might say that family and food are two of the best parts of being home. At home, you can tell your parents about your day, play with your pets, and grab a snack from the cupboard of fridge. You can relax in your room and read a book or play a game. You can ask friends over to play. Home is a place to take care of and be grateful for. Even though you are young, you can help to make a nice place to be. After all, home is where the heart is!

    When I was a teenager growing up in a town, I felt studying very boring, I wanted to leave school and have my own life. There were only two ways for me to do this—working in the toy factory in my town, or getting married. I chose the first one. I was nervous when I told my father that I wanted to leave school. I thought he would say, "No! You are going to college." Instead, he surprised me when he said, "OK. We'll go to the toy factory."

    Two days later, he took me to the factory. I had a very romantic idea of working in a factory. I had imagined everyone to be friendly working together and having fun. I even imagined there would be music and singing. I guess I had watched too many movies as a teenager.  

    When we arrived at the factory gates, my father spoke to the guard and one minute later we went inside. My father said, "Take your time. Look around." I walked around the factory, looking at the buildings, the workers, and listening to the noise. It was terrible. I ran back to my father and said, "I want to go home."

    He asked me, "What do you think of the factory?"

    "It's terrible." I replied.

    "You have the other choice if you don't want to go back to school. But I think getting married is even worse!" he said.

    I went back to school the next day. From then on, I studied as hard as I could. Finally I got into a good college. I enjoyed studying English, so I decided to major in languages at college. Thanks to my father and our trip to the factory, now I work in a company which is a big one in a city. And my father takes pride in me. I married a very good man and my life is much better than it would have been working in the factory!

A  to a factory with my father

    People travelled to see the buildings, the food, the national dresses in foreign countries because they thought they would not be the same as those of their own countries in the past. They all have their Hilton or Sheraton Hotels everywhere. They all have their McDonald's, their KFCs and their Pizza Huts. Office buildings look the same everywhere, and most city centers are full of office buildings.  And of course, people are driving the same brands of Japanese or European cars.

    Then why is the foreign travel more popular nowadays? What do tourists hope to experience m a foreign country that they can not experience at home? The answer could be that people could be very interested in the past.Most people travel overseas to find out what foreign countries' history and culture used to be like, not what they are like today. Tourists visit different kinds of museums in foreign countries so that they can learn their history and culture.

    Every country also has its own beautiful places for tourists to visit.

    It is not just its old buildings, its works of art or beautiful places, but also the people who live in it. This is why a country such as Thailand attracts millions of people. The tourists come mainly because of the friendliness of the people there. It is why the Pacific islands are also so popular.

    Mo Ya, Nobel Prize winner in literature (文学)in 2012, believes his success comes from a large amount of reading.

    Mo was born into a farming family in a village in Shandong Province. Mo left school at the age of 12 and started to work in the fields. Mo was tired after his daily hard work, but he was always hungry for books. However, there were very few books in the village, he never gave up. He read his elder brother's textbooks and even dictionaries.  He helped others with farm work in exchange for books.

    After Mo left his hometown and joined the army in 1976, he began to read widely, including works by Lu Xun and many other famous writers. He studied from these writers but did not copy them.  Instead, he developed his own style.

    On May 5^th, 2017, at Shanghai Pudong International Airport, China's first Homemade jet airliner(喷气式客机), the C919, took off successfully for the first time. It has taken about ten years for the scientists and researchers to make this Chinese dream come true. It's a pride of the whole nation. So far, more than 23 countries have already ordered 570 C919 planes from China. But we still have a long way to go before the C919 carries passengers by 2020.

    What's more, China is working on the new high-speed trains with the highest speed of 400km/h. It will be ready by 2020. Many countries, especially the ones in Central Asia, Southeast Asia, the Middle East and Eastern Europe, are planning to build high-speed rail lines or to improve their railways with the help of China.

    China has made great progress in both science and technology. And it makes a great contribution(贡献)to humans，too. All of these are changing the daily life of Chinese people，even of the people around the world.

    When we watch movies about the future，we sometimes see robots. ⑴Some robots are very human-like. ⑵它们能像人一样走路和跳舞。Some scientists think that in the future they will make robots more like humans. However, some scientists think although we can make robots move like people, it will be difficult to make them really think like a human. For example, scientist James White thinks that ⑶robots will never be able to wake up and Know where they are. ⑷但是许多科学家不赞同怀特先生。They think that robots will even be able to talk like humans in 25 to 50 years. ⑸We never know what will happen in the future.

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    When I was a tiny baby crying all night, my mom sang to me and stayed by my side.

    ⑴When I was tired and hungry, she gave me food and warm arms to sleep in.

    When I was two running through the field, she made sure I was safe and kept me from danger.

    When I fell and hurt myself, ⑵给我一个拥抱并且把我举起.

    When I was seven coughing badly, she said no ice﹣cream for me.

    But I talked back loudly, ⑶I should be allowed to eat some！Give it to me now.

    When I was nine watching scary movies, she said it'd give me awful dreams. But I shouted back angrily. "I should be allowed to watch it! I'm not a baby!"

    When I was a teen going out with friends, she said, ⑷"请在十点之前回来".

    But I talked back again﹣"I should not be told what to do! I' m seventeen now!"

    Now I'm an adult, thinking back to those times.

    I coughed for days after eating that ice﹣cream and had scary dreams after watching that film.

    I was late for school from staying out past ten.

    ⑸I regret talking back, not listening to mom.

    Mom knows best, and for me she wanted only the best!

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Information Card

    What would you do if you felt anxious(焦虑的)？Would you feel better if someone else could share his or her experiences with you? In the United States, two teenage girls set up a mental health camp called "Healing(治愈)Hearts" to help people deal with anxiety.

    The idea of creating the camp came from Dinah Martinez, 17, and her schoolmate Janet Martinez, 18. Both girls suffered from anxiety.

    Dinah Martinez always did well in school. "But then I just started to collapse(崩溃),"Dinah Martinez said. She stopped talking to her friends, stopped going to school for three weeks and stayed at home.

    Janet Martinez was anxious in elementary school. Things got even worse in junior high. "It was a lot of pressure(压力)I put on myself. I would wake up in the morning and it was like my heart was racing," she said.

    The girls' camp idea got support from Girls Leading Our World (GLOW) in the US. The organization awarded them $ 5,000 to put on the camp for other teenage girls.

    The "Healing Hearts" camp was created to "help deal with anxiety, especially with girls in high school because that's when they are the most vulnerable(脆弱的), "Janet Martinez said.

    On the first day of the camp, 10 girls were there. Experts at the camp talked about anxiety. They helped girls who were experiencing anxiety. The girls learned how to calm themselves when they are anxious. They learned about calming methods like deep breathing and guided mediation(调节).

    "It's good to know that someone else is going through the same thing as me and we can both help each other out," Dinah Martinez said.

    Critical thinking(批判性思维) is trying to improve the way you think. People use critical thinking in every area of life to solve problems and evaluate claims(评估主张).

    Like every other skill, critical thinking takes practice. When a problem comes our way, we need to think critically to decide how to solve it. When we see an advertisement, for example, we should stop and think. Advertisements are made to make people feel certain that they are true, and then people can buy the products. But is what the advertisement says true? Is it making a claim? Or does it only interest us? Critical thinking is important and stops us from making poor choices. In fact, we are using it if we ask questions naturally about what we see.

    Practice makes perfect. While you are growing in critical thinking, you'll become a wiser and more thoughtful person. There are many ways of doing practice. Here are a few.

    Read about a topic people disagree on. Look at articles or books on all sides of the subject. For each side of the subject, think carefully and evaluate it.

    When you see or hear a claim, ask questions about it. Who is making the claim and why?

    Evaluate your own thinking. Where and why do you think uncritically? How can you improve?

    Critical thinking should be part of everything we do. It may help you to succeed at work or school. Make yourself into a habit of critical thinking. Change your thoughts and change your world.

    Laurence Kim was born in Salt Lake City, Utah, on November 11, 1951. He was not like other children when he was young. A medical scan (扫描) showed that the two halves of his brain were not connected in the usual way. He developed an amazing memory. He started to read when he was two. He remembered everything he had read.

    To read more quickly, he read the left page with his left eye and the right page with his right eye. By reading the two pages at the same time, ⑴看完一本书花他不到一小时的时间。By the age of 30, he had memorized around 12,000 books.

    However, he did not develop so well in other areas. ⑵He could not walk before four years old, and he had problems putting on his clothes and shoes. His social skills were poor, and he was extremely sensitive (敏感的) about new people. In 1984, Peek and his father met Hollywood movie writer Barry Morrow. Morrow was fascinated by Peek and began to write a new play about Peek's experiences. The movie Rain Man won an Oscar for Best Picture in 1988. ⑶This changed Peek's life. ⑷He got used to being the center of attention. He became more self-confident. He appeared on TV and traveled around the country with his father to develop awareness(意识) of his condition.

    Peek was not only an amazing man but also a real Rain Man. Sadly, Peek died of a heart attack in 2009.