江苏省徐州市侯集高级中学2023～2024学年高二上学期入学...

Henry Raeburn（1756-1823）

The Exhibition

This exhibition of some sixty masterpieces celebrating the life and work of Scotland's best loved painter, Sir Henry Raeburn, comes to London. Selected from collections throughout the world, it is the first major exhibition of his work to be held in over forty years.

Lecture Series

Scottish National Portrait（肖像画）Gallery presents a series of lectures for the general public. They are held in the Lecture Room. Admission to lectures is free.

Exhibition Times

Monday-Saturday 10.00—17.45        Sunday 12.00—17.45

Last admission to the exhibition: 17.15. There is no re-admission.

Closed: 24—26 December and 1 January.

Admission

£4. Children under 12 years accompanied by an adult are admitted free.

Schools and Colleges

A special low entrance charge of £2 per person is available to all in full-time education, up to and including those at first degree level, in organised groups with teachers.

I was sitting in a chemistry lab class during my first year of university, nervous about the experiment we were to perform. I grabbed a pipette and, as I feared, my hand started to shake. The experience was disheartening. I was hoping to pursue a career in science, but I started to wonder whether that would be possible. I thought my dreams had crashed to the ground.

I was a boy born with brain damage. My family managed to find good doctors where we lived, in Leningrad (now St. Petersburg), Russia, and I took part in clinical trials testing new treatments. Shortly after my first birthday, I started walking and it became clear my intelligence function was unaffected. So, in some sense, I was lucky. Still, I couldn't do some things growing up. Both hands shook, especially when I was nervous or embarrassed. My left hand was much worse than my right, so I learned to write and do simple tasks with my right hand, but it wasn't easy to do anything precisely.

As a teenager, I faced a lot of bullying at school. Feeling alone, I joined a study group called "The natural world". I thought that getting into the world of animals would keep me away from people. That's how I came into the field of biology. At university, I enjoyed the lectures in my science classes. Many lab tasks proved impossible, however. As I struggled with my mood, I read a book about depression. From then on, the physiology of mental disorders became my scientific passion. I looked into what was being done locally and was excited to discover a lab that did behavioral experiments in rats to study depression.

At the end of my second year, I approached the professor of the lab to see whether I could work with her. I was afraid to admit I couldn't do some lab tasks. To my relief, she was completely supportive. She set me to work performing behavioral experiments for others in the lab with the help of colleagues. I loved the supportive atmosphere and stayed there to complete my master's and Ph.D.

I've come to realize that my hands aren't the barrier I thought they were. By making use of my abilities and working as part of a team, I've been able to follow my passions. I've also realized that there's much more to being a scientist than performing the physical labor. I may not collect all the data in my papers, but I'm fully capable of designing experiments and interpreting results, which, to me, is the most exciting part of science.

A team of researchers at ETH Zurich has the perfect long-lasting solution to our fog problem. They have developed a very thin and gold-based transparent coating(涂层) that can convert sunlight into heat, which can be applied to glass and other surfaces to prevent them from fogging.

The special coating is developed using titanium oxide and gold particles. It selectively absorbs infrared radiations(红外线照射) from the sunlight and creates a heating effect that is powerful enough to keep fog away from the surface of an object. The coating basically employs heat to stop fogging. The coating absorbs a large part of the infrared radiation, which causes it to heat up—by up to 8℃.

Previously, products like anti-fogging sprays create a very thin film of water on the surface to remove fog. The problem with such surfaces is pollution. Along with water, the sprays also attract dirt, dust, oil, and various other dirty substances, and just a little dirt on the surface makes it useless. However, the new coating repels(排斥) water. Furthermore, the coating is significantly thinner, which makes it more transparent as well as flexible. It is heated passively and requires, during daytime, no additional energy source.

Gold might be expensive, but the researchers stress that their coating requires so little that the material costs remain low. Their coating is produced with standardized and readily scalable methods, all cost-effectively. However, although this product can work at very low levels of solar irradiation, it does rely on a certain amount of light.

The researchers will develop the coating further for other applications. In the process, they will examine whether other metals work just as well as gold. There is no need to fear. However, this would cause a car or a building to heat up more in the summer. The researchers have already filed a patent. Hopefully, this groundbreaking product will soon be available on the market.

A small group of paleontologists (古生物学家) recently discovered 10 species of ancient mammals previously unknown to science with the help of an enormous number of helpers at their dig site: ants. 

The study of ancient mammals throws new light on the diversityof mammals that existed in North America around 33 million to 35 million years ago, when the climate was changing dramatically. It also pays attention to the harvester ants, with which researchers have long had a love-hate relationship. "The ants are not fantastic when they're biting you," said Samantha Hopkins, a professor of Earth Sciences at the University of Oregon. "But I've got to appreciate them because they make my job a whole lot easier."

Most species of harvester ants live in subterraneancaves that sit beneath a small hill of dirt. They strengthen the dirt by covering it with bits of rock and other tough materials. The ants have been known to travel over a hundred feet from their caves and to dig six feet deep in pursuit of materials that help secure their caves. The materials include fossils. Harvester ants can carry materials 10 times to 50 times the weight of their body, although they do not weigh very much, so the heaviest fossil they can collect weighs less than the average pill. 

Given the size, harvester ant hills are hot spots for what scientists call microvertebrate(微型脊椎动物) fossils, which are animal fossils too small to see without a microscope. For over a century, scientists like Dr. Hopkins have found sediment (沉积物) off the sides of harvester ant hills in search of these fossils, making it easier to find large numbers of fossilized mammal teeth without spending hours in the field sifting through sand and dirt.

We have featured people who lost weight by following many different methods. Some focused strictly oneatingwell. Here are some lessons you can learn from those people. 

One thing most of our wellness winners had in common was a turning-point moment. For San Boeuf, her journey started when her unhealthy weight was threatening her dream of becoming a mother. She focused on her goal of being healthy enough to have kids. 

Many of our winners relied on technology to assist them on their weight-loss journeys. There 're numerous apps, devices and online communities. Sousing all the tools available makes a difference, whether those are apps to log your food, smart devices to track your exercise, or online communities to find the support you need. 

Losing a significant amount of weight is a long process. All of the wellness winners experienced struggles along the way but managed to stay or get back on track and maintain their healthy habits. Susan Elizabeth Chaney struggles with an eating disorder after losing a significant amount of weight. 

Choose a diet you can stick with. In other words, the specific plan matters a lot less than the effort you put into it. Some used intermittent fasting( 间歇性禁食), while others found eating smaller meals throughout the day to be more sustainable.

A．They can help people lose weight.

B．Set a healthy lifestyle for yourself.

C．There's no magic diet for wellness winners.

D．There are struggles and setbacks along the way.

E．But finding help and support made a big difference.

F．Along with lots of hard work, she managed to lose 167 pounds.

G．Others found a love of exercise—or a healthy combinationsof both.

I used to believe in the AmericanDream, which meant a job, a mortgage (按揭), credit cards, success. I wanted it and worked toward it like everyone else, all of us 1 chasing the same thing.

One year, through a series of unhappy events, it all fell 2 .I found myself homeless and alone. I had my truck and $ 

56.I 3 the countryside for some place I could rent for the 4 possible amount. I came upon a shabby house four miles up a winding mountain road 5 the Potomac River in West Virginia. It was 6 ,full of broken glass and rubbish. I found the owner, rented it, and 7 a corner to camp in.

The locals knew nothing about me, 8 slowly, they started teaching me the 9 of being a neighbor. They droppedoff blankets, candles, and tools, and began 10 around to chat. They started to teach me a belief in a 11 American Dream—not the one of individual achievement but of 12 .

What Ihad believed in, all those things I thought were 13 for a civilized life, were nonexistent in this place. 14 on the mountain, my most valuable possessions were my 15 with my neighbors.

Four yearslater, I moved back into 16 .I saw many people were having a really hard time, 17 their jobs and homes. I managed to rent a big enough house to 18 a handful of people. There are four of us now inthe house, but over time I've had nine people come in and move on to other places. We'd all be in 19 if we hadn't banded together.

The American Dream I believe in now is a shared one. It's not so much about what I can get for myself; it's about 20 we can all get by together.

The day starts early for Shi Xiaogang, a wildlife ranger (护林员) at the Wolong National Nature Reserve in Southwest China's Sichuan province. He monitors the population of giant pandas and conducts long-range patrols (巡逻) in some of the most extreme environments, is a challenging and, often, dangerous job.

(cover) about 200,000 hectares, Wolong National Nature Reserve is home to one of the largest remaining giant panda populations in China. Thanks to the rangers' like Shi's efforts, number of wild giant pandas in the reserve has increased from 104, in 2015, to 149 today. In 2016, the International Union for Conservation of Nature (announce) that the giant panda's status had been changed from "endangered" to "vulnerable" on its Red List of Threatened Species.

As well as "the home of giant pandas", the reserve is (wide) known as a "bio-gene bank". It features a great number of threatened species of plants and animals, including other famous (creature), such as the red panda, snow leopard and clouded leopard among the 121 species of mammals (哺乳动物) (record). There are also 392 bird species.

To mark the rangers'hard work and contribution to wildlife (protect) in the reserve, last year, 20 rangers (recognize) with special commendations (表扬) at an online award ceremony for the IUCN World Commission on Protected Areas'International Ranger Awards.

The commission speaks highly of their work, saying that they help stop biodiversity loss and protect the important ecosystems that serve natural solutions to climate change and other global challenges.

注意：
1．词数100左右，题目已为你写好；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

Good Habits, Good Heal

A long time ago, when I worked in Ahmedabad, we would often drive to Mount Abu for short trips—it took us anywhere between seven to eight hours to drive up. That year, my close relatives were visiting from Lucknow during the holidays, and we made a plan to visit Abu for three days. Since there were seven of us, including my brother's family who also lived in Ahmedabad, we hired two cabs. We picked ourselves into the vehicles, stacked (堆放) our luggage on the carriers on top and started out.

A good time was badby all, and soon it was time to return. During the journey back, we stopped at a Dhabafor tea and snacks near the Mehanadistrict. That's when I noticed suddenly that the rope with which the luggage was tied on and of the carriers had come loose and one of the suitcases was missing. It must have fallen off somewhere along the way.

Although it didn't contain any valuables—just clothes and some cash, we decided to retrace our steps, drawing back four kilometres, looking for the bag. But luck wasn't our friend: we could not locate it and returned to Ahmedabad depressed.

After about a month, one day, while in my office, I got a call from my assistant that a certain Mr. Shah wanted to see me. I was in the middle of a meeting so he was asked to wait. After I got done, I called him into my office.

I was looking after the development of small industries in the state at the time, so my immediate query was. "How can we help you? Do you want to set up an industry or are you facing any issues in your enterprise?"

To which he said, "No, sir. I have not come for any official help. It is a personal matter. Did you lose something recently?"

Of course, it all came back to me and I told him about the lost suitcase from the cab back from Mount Abu a month ago.

注意：
1.续写词数应150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Then Shah told his side of the story.

But the gentlemaninsisted on delivering the suitcase to me.