一、单项选择题:本大题共7小题,每小题4分,共28分。在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一个选项符合题目要求。
-
1.
在光滑水平地面上有一可视为质点的物体,受力从静止开始运动。下列位移、速度、加速度和动能随时间的变化图像可表示.其运动过程中运动方向一定保持不变的是
![](//tikupic.21cnjy.com/2024/03/12/18/f7/18f73068d1d7fc33533105ff63995c8c_m_653x124.png)
A . A
B . B
C . C
D . D
-
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3.
以下自然(生活)现象或实验与“光是一种波”的观点不相符的是
A . 用标准平面检查光学平面的平整程度
B . 白光照射水面油膜呈现彩色图样
C . 一束白光从空气射人玻璃三棱镜后形成彩色条纹
D . 柏油马路和湖面上反射的耀眼的眩光,它会使人的视觉疲劳。戴上一种由偏振片制成的太阳镜,可解决眩光问题
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4.
如图所示,光滑斜面上小球被轻绳拴住悬挂在天花板上,斜面置于粗糙水平地面上,整个装置处于静止状态。已知细绳与坚直方向夹角为
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmtext%3E%CE%B8%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
, 斜面倾角为
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmtext%3E%CE%B1%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3Cmo%3E%3D%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmn%3E4%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmsup%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmn%3E5%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmo%3E%C2%B0%3C%2Fmo%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmsup%3E%3Cmn%3E%28%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmtext%3E%CE%B8%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3Cmo%3E%26lt%3B%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmtext%3E%CE%B1%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3Cmn%3E%29%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
, 现用力向右缓慢推斜面(推力在图中未画出),当细绳与坚直方向的夹角
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmtext%3E%CE%B8%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3Cmo%3E%3D%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmtext%3E%CE%B1%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
时,撤去推力。则下列说法正确的是
![](//tikupic.21cnjy.com/2024/01/05/fb/1b/fb1bbfb2237104a37a74e425b247f801.png)
A . 缓慢推动斜面时,斜面对小球的支持力保持不变
B . 缓慢推动斜面时,细绳对小球的拉力大小保持不变
C .
时,地面对斜面体的摩擦力水平向左
D .
时,细绳对小球的拉力大小等于斜面对小球的支持力大小
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5.
如图所示,点
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmsub%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmi%3EL%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmn%3E1%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmsub%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
和点
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmsub%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmi%3EL%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmn%3E2%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmsub%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
称为地月连线上的拉格朗日点。在拉格朗日点处的物体在地球与月球的共同作用下,可与月球同步绕地球转动。中国探月工程中的“鹊桥号”中继卫星是世界上首颗运行于地月拉格朗日点
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmsub%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmi%3EL%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmn%3E2%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmsub%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
的通信卫星,已知地球质量是月球质量的81倍,地月球心距离约为
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmsub%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmi%3EL%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmn%3E2%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmsub%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
点与月球球心距离的6倍,则地球对“鹊桥号”中继卫星的引力与月球对“鹊桥号”中继卫星的引力大小之比约为
![](//tikupic.21cnjy.com/2024/01/05/02/13/0213399d05fd4d6dc7d2c2f67529498a.png)
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6.
长直导线周围产生的磁感应强度大小
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmi%3EB%3C%2Fmi%3E%3Cmo%3E%3D%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmi%3Ek%3C%2Fmi%3E%3Cmfrac%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmi%3EI%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmi%3Er%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmfrac%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
(
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmi%3Ek%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
为常数,
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmi%3EI%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
为导线中电流的大小,
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmi%3Er%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
为到导线的距离)。如图所示,在等边三角形PMN的三个顶点处,各有一根长直导线垂直于纸面固定放置。三根导线均通有电流
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmi%3EI%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
, 且电流方向垂直纸面向外,已知三根导线在三角形中心
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmi%3EO%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
处产生的磁感应强度大小均为
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmsub%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmi%3EB%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmn%3E0%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmsub%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
, 若将
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmi%3EP%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
处导线的电流变为2I,且电流方向变为垂直纸面向里,则三角形中心
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmi%3EO%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
处磁感应强度的大小为
![](//tikupic.21cnjy.com/2024/01/05/3d/70/3d70ae6f37f45f6283085177f7b5496b.png)
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二、多项选择题:本大题共3小题,每小题5分,共15分。在每小题给出的四个选项中,有多项符合题目要求,全部选对的得5分,选对但不全的得3分,有选错的得0分。
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8.
如图所示电路,电键
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmi%3ES%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
闭合后,电流表
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmsub%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmi%3EA%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmn%3E1%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmsub%3E%3Cmtext%3E+%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3Cmtext%3E%E3%80%81%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3Cmsub%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmi%3EA%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmn%3E2%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmsub%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
和电压表
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmi%3EV%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
同一时刻读数分别记为
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmsub%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmi%3EI%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmn%3E1%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmsub%3E%3Cmtext%3E+%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3Cmtext%3E%E3%80%81%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3Cmsub%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmi%3EI%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmn%3E2%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmsub%3E%3Cmtext%3E+%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3Cmtext%3E%E3%80%81%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3Cmi%3EU%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
;滑动变阻器滑片向右滑动过程中,电流表
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmsub%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmtext%3EA%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmn%3E1%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmsub%3E%3Cmtext%3E+%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3Cmtext%3E%E3%80%81%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3Cmsub%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmtext%3EA%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmn%3E2%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmsub%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
和电压表
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmtext%3EV%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
示数变化量的大小分别为
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmtext%3E%CE%94%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3Cmsub%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmi%3EI%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmn%3E1%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmsub%3E%3Cmtext%3E%E3%80%81%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3Cmtext%3E%CE%94%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3Cmsub%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmi%3EI%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmn%3E2%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmsub%3E%3Cmtext%3E+%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3Cmtext%3E%E3%80%81%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3Cmtext%3E%CE%94%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3Cmi%3EU%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
, 电源有内阻,电表均看作理想电表,则
![](//tikupic.21cnjy.com/2024/01/05/e7/0d/e70ddbc1d4b664ce0a7bf63c5d881fc6.png)
A .
增大
B .
増大
C .
D .
不断增大
-
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三、非选择题:本大题共5小题,共57分。
-
11.
做平抛运动的物体的运动规律可以用如图甲所示的实验进行探究,小球从坐标原点
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmi%3EO%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
水平抛出,做平抛运动。两束光分别沿着水平方向和坚直方向照射小球,在水平方向和坚直方向分别用两台频肉相机同时记录小球的位置,如图乙、丙所示。已知当地重力加速度
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmi%3Eg%3C%2Fmi%3E%3Cmo%3E%3D%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmn%3E1%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E0%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E%26nbsp%3B%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmtext%3Em%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3Cmn%3E%2F%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmsup%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmtext%3Es%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmn%3E2%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmsup%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
。
![](//tikupic.21cnjy.com/2024/03/13/30/04/3004795bbf31c1fdf6c9c1e1861f6165_m_506x175.png)
-
(1)
频闪相机的曝光频率为
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmtext%3EH%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3Cmtext%3Ez%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
。
-
(2)
平抛运动的水平初速度为
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmtext%3Em%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3Cmn%3E%2F%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmtext%3Es%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
。
-
12.
某学习小组的同学们想利用电压表和电阻箱测量一电池组的电动势和内阻,他们找到了如下的实验器材:电池组(电动势
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmi%3EE%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
约为
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmn%3E6%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E.%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E0%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E%26nbsp%3B%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmtext%3EV%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
, 内阻
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmi%3Er%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
约为
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmn%3E1%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmtext%3E%CE%A9%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
)、电压表
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmtext%3EV%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
(量程为
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmn%3E6%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E%26nbsp%3B%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmtext%3EV%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
, 内阻为
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmsub%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmi%3ER%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmtext%3EV%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmsub%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
),定值电阻
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmsub%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmi%3ER%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmn%3E1%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmsub%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmo%3E%28%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmsub%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmi%3ER%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmn%3E1%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmsub%3E%3Cmo%3E%3D%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmn%3E1%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmtext%3E%CE%A9%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3Cmo%3E%29%3C%2Fmo%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
, 电阻箱
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmi%3ER%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
(阻值范围可调),开关,导线若干。同学们研究器材,思考讨论后确定了如下的实验方案,请你将该方案补充完整。
![](//tikupic.21cnjy.com/2024/01/05/a8/db/a8db63cbfc032ed54850272bc955f88b.png)
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(1)
为了“准确”测出电池组的电动势和内阻,已在图所示虚线框中设计了部分电路图,请把该电路图补充完整。
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(2)
采集电压表读数
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmi%3EU%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
和电阻箱的读数
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmi%3ER%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
, 作出了如图乙所示图像,已知图像的斜率为
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmi%3Ek%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
, 纵截距为
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmi%3Eb%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
, 则由物理规律可知
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmfrac%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmn%3E1%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmi%3EU%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmfrac%3E%3Cmo%3E%E2%88%92%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmfrac%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmn%3E1%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmi%3ER%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmfrac%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
图像中
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmi%3Ek%3C%2Fmi%3E%3Cmo%3E%3D%3C%2Fmo%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmi%3Eb%3C%2Fmi%3E%3Cmo%3E%3D%3C%2Fmo%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
。(用题目中所给的字母表示)
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(3)
进一步研讨:图甲所示为他们测得的某型号小奵泡的伏安特性曲线,如果把三个该型号的灯泡并联后再与
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmsub%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmi%3ER%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmn%3E0%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmsub%3E%3Cmo%3E%3D%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmn%3E3%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmtext%3E%CE%A9%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
的电阻串联接在上述电池组上(若测得电池组的电动势
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmi%3EE%3C%2Fmi%3E%3Cmo%3E%3D%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmn%3E6%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E.%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E0%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E%26nbsp%3B%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmtext%3EV%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
、内阻
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmi%3Er%3C%2Fmi%3E%3Cmo%3E%3D%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmn%3E1%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmtext%3E%CE%A9%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
),如图乙,则每只灯泡消耗的实际功率为W(保留2位有效数字)。
![](//tikupic.21cnjy.com/2024/01/05/92/7a/927ab6fab6a619aa4a19c7c1edebbf77.png)
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13.
一简谐波的波源位于坐标原点,波源振动后
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmi%3Et%3C%2Fmi%3E%3Cmo%3E%3D%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmn%3E0%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E.%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E3%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E%26nbsp%3B%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmtext%3Es%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
时第一次形成如图所示的波形图。
![](//tikupic.21cnjy.com/2024/01/05/51/52/5152ed513cd762acb43e52df153dfb56.png)
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(2)
在给出的坐标图上画出波在
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmi%3Et%3C%2Fmi%3E%3Cmo%3E%3D%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmn%3E2%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E.%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E0%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E%26nbsp%3B%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmtext%3Es%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
时刻的波形图并写出平衡位置位于
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmi%3Ex%3C%2Fmi%3E%3Cmo%3E%3D%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmn%3E1%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E5%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E%26nbsp%3B%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmtext%3Em%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
处质点的搌动方程。
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14.
如图所示,在xOy平面第一象限有沿
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmi%3Ey%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
轴负方向的匀强电场、第四象限有垂直纸面向里的匀强磁场,在坐标为
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmn%3E%28%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E0%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E++%EF%BC%8C+%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmi%3Eh%3C%2Fmi%3E%3Cmn%3E%29%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
的
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmi%3EA%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
点有一带电粒子以某一初速度沿
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmo%3E%2B%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmi%3Ex%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
方向拋出,从坐标为
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmn%3E%28%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmi%3EL%3C%2Fmi%3E%3Cmn%3E++%EF%BC%8C+%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E0%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E%29%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
的
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmi%3EC%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
点进人第四象限的匀强研场中。已知粒子电荷量为
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmi%3Eq%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
、质量为
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmi%3Em%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
, 匀强电场的电场强度为
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmi%3EE%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
, 匀强磁场的磁感应强度为
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmi%3EB%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
, 方向如图中所示。不计粒子所受重力。求:
![](//tikupic.21cnjy.com/2024/01/05/84/62/84627ac5bad4c277e175fe735aa01067.png)
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(2)
粒子第二次经过
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmi%3Ex%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
轴时的位置与坐标原点的距离。
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15.
如图所示,“
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmtext%3EL%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
”型平板
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmi%3EB%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
静置在地面上,物块
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmi%3EA%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
处于平板
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmi%3EB%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
上的
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmsup%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmi%3EO%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmsup%3E%3Cmi%3E%3C%2Fmi%3E%3Cmn%3E%27%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmsup%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmsup%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
点,
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmsup%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmi%3EO%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmsup%3E%3Cmi%3E%3C%2Fmi%3E%3Cmn%3E%27%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmsup%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmsup%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
点左侧粗粆、右侧光滑,光滑部分的长度
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmi%3Ed%3C%2Fmi%3E%3Cmo%3E%3D%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmn%3E3%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E.%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E7%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E5%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E%26nbsp%3B%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmtext%3Em%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
。用不可伸长的长度为
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmi%3EL%3C%2Fmi%3E%3Cmo%3E%3D%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmn%3E7%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E.%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E2%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E%26nbsp%3B%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmtext%3Em%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
的轻绳将质量为
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmi%3Em%3C%2Fmi%3E%3Cmo%3E%3D%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmn%3E0%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E.%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E1%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E%26nbsp%3B%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmtext%3Ek%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3Cmtext%3Eg%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
的小球悬挂在
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmsup%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmi%3EO%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmsup%3E%3Cmi%3E%3C%2Fmi%3E%3Cmn%3E%27%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmsup%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmsup%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
点正上方的0点。轻绳处于水平拉直状态,小球可视为质点,将小球由静止释放,下摆至最低点时轻绳拉断、小球与小物块
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmi%3EA%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
碰掊后瞬间结合成一个物体
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmi%3EC%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
, 之后
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmi%3EC%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
沿平板兴动直至与
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmi%3EB%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
右侧挡板发生弹性碰撞。已知
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmi%3EA%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
的质量
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmsub%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmi%3Em%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmi%3EA%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmsub%3E%3Cmo%3E%3D%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmn%3E0%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E.%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E1%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E%26nbsp%3B%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmtext%3Ek%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3Cmtext%3Eg%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3Cmn%3E++%EF%BC%8C+%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmi%3EB%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
的质量
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmsub%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmi%3Em%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmi%3EB%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmsub%3E%3Cmo%3E%3D%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmn%3E0%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E.%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E6%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E%26nbsp%3B%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmtext%3Ek%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3Cmtext%3Eg%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3Cmn%3E++%EF%BC%8C+%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmi%3EC%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
与
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmi%3EB%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
的动摩擦因数
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmsub%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmtext%3E%CE%BC%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmn%3E1%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmsub%3E%3Cmo%3E%3D%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmn%3E0%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E.%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E4%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E++%EF%BC%8C+%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmi%3EB%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
与地面间的动摩擦因数
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmsub%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmtext%3E%CE%BC%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmn%3E2%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmsub%3E%3Cmo%3E%3D%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmn%3E0%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E.%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E3%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
, 最大静摩擦力等于滑动摩擦力,重力加速度
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmi%3Eg%3C%2Fmi%3E%3Cmo%3E%3D%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmn%3E1%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E0%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E%26nbsp%3B%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmtext%3Em%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3Cmn%3E%2F%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmsup%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmtext%3Es%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmn%3E2%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmsup%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
, 整个过程中
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmi%3EC%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
始终在
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmi%3EB%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
上,所有碰撞时间忽略不计,不计空气阻力,求:
![](//tikupic.21cnjy.com/2024/01/09/6c/d4/6cd415ff3399820ff7aae6753427d24d.png)
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