（浙江省）2022-2023学年九年级上学期英语期末专项复习...

As a saying goes, "If you have a good friend, your joys are doubled and your sadness is halved". Friends are a helping hand, a comforting shoulder, a patient ear to listen to you. Man is a social animal by nature. We all need friends, so it is necessary for you to know how to make friends.

The first step is to open yourself up. If you want to make good friends, you should be able to share your thoughts and feelings with other people. When you are in a conversation, you'd better express your own thoughts and feelings. If a conversation is one-sided, the person doing all the talking may think the other person is not interested in what he is saying.

One of the most important keys to building a strong friendship with other people is to listen to them—really listen. When your friends tell you something that happened to them or complain about a situation, they are usually not looking for agreement but just want to be heard. So don't try to change their mind or solve their problems, just let them know that you are listening to them.
    Respecting your friends is also important to keep your relationships healthy and strong. Looking at your friends while they are talking to you is one way to show your respect, as they will feel that what they are saying is important to you.

Unconditional support and encouragement is one of the things which friends have. True friendship means offering a shoulder when they need it, crying with them when they are sad, and laughing with them when they are happy. Only in this way, can the tree of friendship last for a long time.

Many people think dreams are full of messages that may not be clear to us common people. But if we think about what is going on in our lives, we can usually come up with an answer. Let's look at some of the most common dreams. What are the meanings of these dreams?

Falling

You're falling, falling, falling… and then you wake up. This dream is said to mean you are afraid of something or worried about something. Another explanation is that you may experience failure in something. Maybe you're not doing well in school or work.

Taking an exam(or forgetting that you have one)

You suddenly realize you have to take an exam at that very moment. You might be running here and there to find your classroom. Scientists say this dream may mean you're being tested about something or maybe you are facing a difficult problem.

Flying

Dreaming that you are flying means you are on top of things. You can control the things that matter to you. It may also mean you have confidence in yourself and think no one and nothing can beat you.

Trying to run, but going nowhere

You're trying to run, but either of your legs won't move or you simply aren't going anywhere. Some scientists think this dream means you're trying to do too many things at once and can't catch up or move forward.

The  of the dreams

Leonardo da Vinci was a famous artist who was born in Italy. He was also a great inventor. Many of his inventions have become important in modern life. Although Leonardo hated war. he invented many different machines used for war. His most special invention was the machine gun, which was produced and used in war. Besides, Leonardo spent days thinking about how to save time. He developed ideas for something like cutting machines.

Leonardo was a strange man. He never ate meat. That was very unusual in those times. He never published(发表) discoveries about science. He usually used mirror writing, which looks like usual writing in a mirror, starting from the right side of the page and moving to the left side。

Only a few of his paintings are left today. Many paintings were not finished because he thought they were not perfect.

Leonardo was talented and creative. He was regarded as one of the most intelligent men in the world.

Do you hope to live a better life? Then how to make your wish come true?Well, here are some tips for you to follow.

Mind your meals  Try to eat more foods that grow naturally on trees and plants. Have meals on time every day. And remember not to go to school or work without breakfast, for it is more important than lunch or dinner.

Exercise and smile     Each day take a 40-minute walk. Make time to practice some other exercise, such as yoga and Taiji. They provide us with daily energy for our busy lives. Try to smile and make at least three people smile each day.

Forget and forgive（原谅） Problems appear sometimes and they simply stay for a short time. Forget what happened in the past. Don't always think of your past mistakes. Make peace with your past in order that it won't destroy（破坏） your present happiness. Life is not very long，so we shouldn't waste time hating anyone. Forgive everyone for everything.

Also do such things   Call your family often and stay in touch with your friends. Each day give something good to others. Cheer up no matter how you feel. Read more books than you did before and you can learn more from them. Don't compare your life to others!

（Peter loves taking photos. He just won first place in the school photo competition. And he is encouraging Linda to take part in the city photo competition. ）

Linda: Congratulations, Peter! I heard you won first place in the school photo competition.

Peter: Thank you! I entered the competition at ten in the morning on Dec 10th. I was really excited when I knew the result.

Linda: Your photos must be very good. What subject did you choose?

Peter: I have lots of photos of different places of interest in China, so I chose the subject Nature.

Linda: My friend Judy also chose the subject Nature last year, but she didn't get any prizes.

Peter: What a pity! But the general standard of the competition was higher last year.

Linda: I see. Our city is going to hold a photo competition next week.?

Peter: Yes, I will. And I am looking forward to it. What about you?

Linda: I want to enter the competition too. The thing is, I am not good at taking photos.

Peter: That's OK. You can just have a try. That's a great chance of improving your skills.

Linda: You're right. Then I will have a try.

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根据对话内容提出一个问题。不超过10个词。

George Stephenson was born in 1781 in a poor family. He had to start to work when he was only eight. When George was fourteen, he became his father's helper. He spent a lot of time learning about engines. On holidays, he often took engines into pieces and studied each piece carefully. Soon he became a very good worker though he could not read or write.

He began to learn the English letters when he was seventeen years old. Every day after he did twelve hours of hard work, he walked a long way to have lessons from a young teacher.

On his eighteenth birthday, he wrote his own name for the first time in his life. George invented many things in his life. The train was the greatest one among them. Today when we watch or take trains from one place to another, we will think of this great man﹣George Stephenson.

As we all know, swimming is an all-body workout. It works small muscle(肌肉) groups that often get ignored in other workouts. As you move in the water, many small muscle groups are working to help you keep balance.

Meanwhile, swimming also has some downsides though. It is not a perfect sport without any risk of injury. For example, many types of swimming use repetitive arm movements. Over time, the repeated movements can cause shoulder and neck injuries.

However, when compared to the health benefits(益处), those downsides seem manageable to the swimming lovers. Coach Wass agrees, "You know, swimming can have some injuries from high repetition. But, in general, it's one of the safest and healthiest sports out there. "

Besides the great workout you can get from swimming, a woman called Paloma brings up another important benefit. It can help to keep you alive. She said, "My husband and I believe that swimming is a life skill. If it's a life and death situation, you can swim your way out of it. That's why I taught my daughter to learn swimming and wants her to do well in swimming. "

Paloma's daughter, Pryia knows that swimming is good for her body. But the reason she likes to swim is more basic. It's just fun.

A material is what something is made of. There are 5 basic materials. Most things are made with these materials. 

Let's talk about metal first. Metal is heavy. And it is very hard and strong. It usually feels cool if you touch it. We use metal to make lots of things. We use it for forks and knives. We use it for keys. We use it for cars. We use it for these things because it is very strong.

Next, let's talk about glass. Glass is very smooth. It also feels cool to touch. It is not as heavy as metal. It is hard. But it is not strong. It breaks very easily! Then why do we use it? We use it because it is clear! You can see through glass! That's why we use it for windows and glasses.

Now, let's talk about wood. Wood is lighter than metal and glass. It is not as strong as metal. But it is much stronger than glass. We use wood to make lots of things. Things made from wood are usually light and hard and strong such as chairs and tables. Pencils are made from wood.

Now let's talk about cloth. Cloth is very light. It is much lighter than wood. And it is very soft. We use cloth to make lots of things. For example, it is used to make clothing and blankets. 

Last, let's talk about plastic. Plastic is also very light. But it is different from cloth. Sometimes it is soft, and sometimes it is hard. Plastic can be used to make thin plastic bags. These are light, soft, and strong. But plastic can also be used to make bicycle helmets. These are light, hard and strong. 

 basic materials

Did you have any interesting dreams last night? Do you know everyone dreams? But not everyone remembers their dreams. A person can usually have up to seven dreams a night, and each dream usually lasts from 10 to 40 minutes.

Why do we dream? Scientists believe that we dream to remember because dreams come from our memories and they tell us a lot about ourselves. They also help us learn from the past and even help us solve problems.

Different dreams mean differently to people. For example, if you dream about flying, you are probably quite happy. This is a good time in your life. You may feel that other people see you as a leader. And when you dream that you didn't study for a test, it usually means you are worried about an important thing coming in your life.

There are many different festivals around the world. Usually we know about some traditional ones. But here are some special festivals in the world. Have you heard of them?

The Straw(稻草)Bear Festival

It is a traditional celebration in one small UK town. It runs for three days every year in January. The festival celebrates the beginning of the agricultural(耕种的)year. People there enjoy watching bears dance. A few men wear straw bear costumes and dance for others.

The Cologne Carnival(狂欢节)

It is one of Europe's biggest street festivals. It starts at l1:1l am on November 11 and lasts till February 14 next year. Local people call the time the "crazy" season. During the festival, people put on colorful clothes and play music to celebrate it in the street. The festival has a history of 194 years. Each year, about 1. 5 million people take part in it.

Day of the Dead

It is celebrated in Mexico every year between October 31 and November 2. It's not a scary day like its name, instead, it's a colorful holiday. People believe the spirits of their ancestors(祖先)will return to the world of the living on that day. They share food and drinks to keep the spirits alive and the spirits can be with them in this way.

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⑵What other festival can make you excited?(不多于10个词)