一、选择题(本大题共10小题,每小题3分,共30分.每小题只有一个正确答案)
二、填空题(本大题共8小题,每小题4分,共32分)
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17.
(2024八上·甘州月考)
如图所示,将一根
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmn%3E30%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmtext%3Ecm%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
长的细木棒放入长、宽、高分别为
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmn%3E8%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmtext%3Ecm%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
、
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmn%3E6%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmtext%3Ecm%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
和
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmn%3E24%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmtext%3Ecm%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
的长方体无盖盒子中,则细木棒露在盒外面的最短长度是
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmtext%3Ecm%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
.
![](//tikupic.21cnjy.com/ct20241o/5c/08/5c0870687296101dcf8e8a2e8369f00a.png)
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18.
(2024八上·甘州月考)
数学课上,同学们探究二次根式的运算规律的过程如下,请补充完整:特例l:
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmsqrt%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmfrac%3E%3Cmn%3E1%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E2%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmfrac%3E%3Cmo%3E%E2%88%92%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmfrac%3E%3Cmn%3E1%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E4%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmfrac%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmsqrt%3E%3Cmo%3E%3D%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmfrac%3E%3Cmn%3E1%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E2%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmfrac%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
;特例2:
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmsqrt%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmfrac%3E%3Cmn%3E1%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E3%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmfrac%3E%3Cmo%3E%E2%88%92%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmfrac%3E%3Cmn%3E1%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E9%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmfrac%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmsqrt%3E%3Cmo%3E%3D%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmfrac%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmsqrt%3E%3Cmn%3E2%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmsqrt%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3Cmn%3E3%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmfrac%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
;特例3:
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmsqrt%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmfrac%3E%3Cmn%3E1%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E4%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmfrac%3E%3Cmo%3E%E2%88%92%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmfrac%3E%3Cmn%3E1%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmn%3E16%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmfrac%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmsqrt%3E%3Cmo%3E%3D%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmfrac%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmsqrt%3E%3Cmn%3E3%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmsqrt%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3Cmn%3E4%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmfrac%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
;观察、归纳,得出猜想:如果n为正整数,请用含n的式子表示这个运算规律,
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三、解答题(一)(本大题共5小题,共38分,解答应写出必要的文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤)
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21.
(2024八上·甘州月考)
小红和小军周日到郊外放风筝,风筝飞得又高又远,小红让小军跑到风筝的正下方,并测出两人之间的距离为60米,小红发现已将100米的风筝线放完了,小红想了想就说出风筝飞了多高,小红知道自己身高为1.6米,(手与头顶齐平)请画出示意图,并计算风筝离地面多高.
![](//tikupic.21cnjy.com/ct20241o/35/3f/353fe02dd3ffa6c806573b6e9637415c.png)
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22.
(2024八上·甘州月考)
如图,一只蚂蚁从点A沿圆柱表面爬到点B,如果圆柱的高为
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmn%3E8%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmi%3Ecm%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
, 圆柱的底面半径为
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmfrac%3E%3Cmn%3E6%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmtext%3E%CF%80%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3C%2Fmfrac%3E%3Cmi%3Ecm%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
, 那么蚂蚁爬行的最短的路线长是多少?
![](//tikupic.21cnjy.com/ct20241o/a0/ae/a0aefe4bc4cc37431696f68ed55fba96.png)
四、解答题(二)(本大题共5小题,共50分.解答应写出必要的文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤)
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(1)
求
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmi%3EB%3C%2Fmi%3E%3Cmi%3EC%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
的长;
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25.
(2024八上·甘州月考)
如图,一架
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmn%3E2.5%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
米长的梯子
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmi%3EA%3C%2Fmi%3E%3Cmi%3EB%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
, 斜靠在一竖直的墙
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmi%3EA%3C%2Fmi%3E%3Cmi%3EC%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
上,这时梯足
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmi%3EB%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
到墙底端
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmi%3EC%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
的距离为
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmn%3E0.7%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
米,如果梯子的顶端沿墙下滑
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmn%3E0.4%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
米,那么梯足将向外移多少米?
![](//tikupic.21cnjy.com/ct20241o/6f/0e/6f0e19c615ebb90777ee2bc4db71611c.png)
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(1)
求
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmo%3E%E2%96%B3%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmi%3EA%3C%2Fmi%3E%3Cmi%3EB%3C%2Fmi%3E%3Cmi%3EC%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
的面积;
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(2)
判断
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmo%3E%E2%96%B3%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmi%3EA%3C%2Fmi%3E%3Cmi%3EB%3C%2Fmi%3E%3Cmi%3EC%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
是什么形状?并说明理由.
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28.
(2024八上·普宁月考)
今年第6号台风“烟花”登录我国沿海地区,风力强,累计降雨量大,影响范围大,有极强的破坏力.如图,台风“烟花”中心沿东西方向AB由A向B移动,已知点C为一海港,且点C与直线AB上的两点A、B的距离分别为AC=300km,BC=400km,又AB=500km,经测量,距离台风中心260km及以内的地区会受到影响.
![](//tikupic.21cnjy.com/ct20241o/0a/d9/0ad93a805b7fefd12dc314311b4d9bcc.png)
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(3)
若台风中心的移动速度为28千米/时,则台风影响该海港持续的时间有多长?