24.
(2021九上·杭州月考)
“田忌赛马”的故事闪烁着我国古代先贤的智慧光芒.该故事的大意是:齐王有上、中、下三匹马
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmsub%3E%3Cmi%3EA%3C%2Fmi%3E%3Cmn%3E1%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmsub%3E%3Cmo%3E++%EF%BC%8C+%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmsub%3E%3Cmi%3EB%3C%2Fmi%3E%3Cmn%3E1%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmsub%3E%3Cmo%3E++%EF%BC%8C+%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmsub%3E%3Cmi%3EC%3C%2Fmi%3E%3Cmn%3E1%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmsub%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
,田忌也有上、中、下三匹马
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmsub%3E%3Cmi%3EA%3C%2Fmi%3E%3Cmn%3E2%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmsub%3E%3Cmo%3E++%EF%BC%8C+%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmsub%3E%3Cmi%3EB%3C%2Fmi%3E%3Cmn%3E2%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmsub%3E%3Cmo%3E++%EF%BC%8C+%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmsub%3E%3Cmi%3EC%3C%2Fmi%3E%3Cmn%3E2%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmsub%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
,且这六匹马在比赛中的胜负可用不等式表示如下:
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmsub%3E%3Cmi%3EA%3C%2Fmi%3E%3Cmn%3E1%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmsub%3E%3Cmo%3E%26gt%3B%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmsub%3E%3Cmi%3EA%3C%2Fmi%3E%3Cmn%3E2%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmsub%3E%3Cmo%3E%26gt%3B%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmsub%3E%3Cmi%3EB%3C%2Fmi%3E%3Cmn%3E1%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmsub%3E%3Cmo%3E%26gt%3B%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmsub%3E%3Cmi%3EB%3C%2Fmi%3E%3Cmn%3E2%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmsub%3E%3Cmo%3E%26gt%3B%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmsub%3E%3Cmi%3EC%3C%2Fmi%3E%3Cmn%3E1%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmsub%3E%3Cmo%3E%26gt%3B%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmsub%3E%3Cmi%3EC%3C%2Fmi%3E%3Cmn%3E2%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmsub%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
(注:
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmi%3EA%3C%2Fmi%3E%3Cmo%3E%26gt%3B%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmi%3EB%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
表示A马与B马比赛,A马获胜).一天,齐王找田忌赛马,约定:每匹马都出场比赛一局,共赛三局,胜两局者获得整场比赛的胜利.面对劣势,田忌事先了解到齐王三局比赛的“出马”顺序为上马、中马、下马,并采用孙膑的策略:分别用下马、上马、中马与齐王的上马、中马、下马比赛,即借助对阵(
![](//math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmsub%3E%3Cmi%3EC%3C%2Fmi%3E%3Cmn%3E2%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmsub%3E%3Cmsub%3E%3Cmi%3EA%3C%2Fmi%3E%3Cmn%3E1%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmsub%3E%3Cmo%3E++%EF%BC%8C+%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmsub%3E%3Cmi%3EA%3C%2Fmi%3E%3Cmn%3E2%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmsub%3E%3Cmsub%3E%3Cmi%3EB%3C%2Fmi%3E%3Cmn%3E1%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmsub%3E%3Cmo%3E++%EF%BC%8C+%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmsub%3E%3Cmi%3EB%3C%2Fmi%3E%3Cmn%3E2%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmsub%3E%3Cmsub%3E%3Cmi%3EC%3C%2Fmi%3E%3Cmn%3E1%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmsub%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
)获得了整场比赛的胜利,创造了以弱胜强的经典案例.
假设齐王事先不打探田忌的“出马”情况,试回答以下问题: